Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Royal College Exam > Nutrition > Flashcards

Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

When should skin-to-skin occur after birth?

A

Babies should have uninterrupted skin-to-skin with their mothers immediately after birth or until after the first feed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How long should babies be breastfed?

A

Exclusively x 6 mos, then up to 2 yrs and beyond with the introduction of complementary foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Are formula companies allowed to advertise?

A

no! as part of the international code of marketing breast-milk substitutes, there is no advertising of products to the public / no free samples to mom / can’t idealize formula feeding (pictures)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

In canada, how many babies are still breastfed at 6 mos?

A

approx 25%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pacifiers - yes or no?

A

Hard to say
May decrease SIDS

Best to introduce after breastfeeding is established

The act of sucking on pacifier may be soothing to infant in NICU

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Contraindications to breastfeeding

A

HIV positive

Receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy +/- radiation

Active TB

HSV on breast

Galactosemia (+/- PKU: should be on low phenylalanine formula)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What should you avoid doing while breastfeeding?

A

Drinking EtOH (passes freely into breastmilk)

Smoking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Nutrition issues frequently encountered in neurologically impaired children

A

GERD
Aspiration
Osteoporosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do you rehydrate someone with mild dehydration?

A

oral rehydration solution (50 mL/kg over 4 hrs)

replace ongoing losses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

rehydration of someone with moderate dehydration?

A

oral rehydration solution (100 mL/kg over 4 hrs)

replace ongoing losses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how do you rehydrate someone with severe dehydration?

A

IV resuscitation (20 cc/kg x 1-3)

begin ORT when patient is stable

replace losses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What drinks are contraindicated in a patient with dehydration?

A

Plain water (can cause hyponatremia, hypoglycemia)

carbonated beverage and fruit juices are discouraged - high carb, low electrolytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When do you need to supplement fluoride?

A

Drinking water contains < 0.3 ppm

Child does not brush BID

Child is high risk for caries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

At what age would you start supplementing with fluoride (if needed)?

A

6 mos

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the risk of too much fluoride?

A

Fluorosis (abnormal enamel development)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What fluoride level is a trade off between caries and fluorosis?

A

0.7 ppm

17
Q

What should you recommend as the first complementary foods?

A

Iron-rich foods (cereal, meat)

18
Q

By what age should a child have tried lumpy textures?

A

9 months

19
Q

What kind of cup should a child use with the introduction of complementary foods?

A

open cup, with help

20
Q

What are the recommendations for introducing cow’s milk?

A

3.25% (homogenized) milk until 2 yrs

delay until 9-12 months of age

limit to 750 mL (25 ounces) per day

21
Q

When can a child have honey?

A

> 1 yr

increased risk of botulism < 1 yr

22
Q

When can you use BMI as a measurement tool?

A

2 yrs and up

before that, use weight for height

23
Q

After what age is it abnormal to change growth percentiles on the WHO growth chart?

A

after age 3

24
Q

What is a medication that can stimulate appetite?

A

Cyproheptadine

25
Q

Bottle-fed infant with colic and concern for CMPA. What is one thing you could do?

A

Two week trial of hypoallergenic (extensively hydrolyzed formula)

26
Q

Breast-fed infant with severe colic and concern for CMPA. What are two things you could suggest?

A
  • Hypoallergenic diet (eliminate milk, egg, wheat and nut)

- Eliminate cow’s milk protein from maternal diet x 2 weeks

27
Q

Baby with congenital hypothyroidism taking a soy based formula. What should you do?

A

Monitor thyroxine levels closely, as the phytoestrogens can lower fT4 concentrations

28
Q

What type of CMPA is most common? (IgE mediated or non-IgE mediated)

A

IgE mediated (60%)

non-IgE mediated is 40%

29
Q

Child with CF on vitamins. Develops pseudotumour cerebrii. Why?

A

Hypervitaminosis A

30
Q

What is pellagra?

A

niacin deficiency

photosensitive dermatitis
diarrhea
dementia

31
Q

what is beri-beri?

A

thiamine deficiency

cardiomegaly
tachycardia
loud cry
cyanosis

32
Q

preterm milk has more…

A

nitrogen, fat, protein

33
Q

term milk has more….

A

carbs

34
Q

what type of protein is in breast milk, ratio?

A

whey 70%
casein 30%

(whey promotes gastric emptying)

35
Q

what types of protein are in cow’s milk, ratio?

A

whey 20%

casein 80%

36
Q

BMI percentile for overweight?

A

> = 85th

37
Q

BMI percentile for obesity

A

> = 97th

38
Q

formula for BMI

A

kg/m2

39
Q

Infant < 6 mos being fed goats milk. What should you supplement?

A

folate

Royal College Exam (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions