Lab Values Flashcards
BUN
7-20 mg/dL
Elevated levels: Kidney Failure GI bleeding Dehydration Shock Severe burns High protein diet
Why: elevated BUN signals kidney/liver issues (ammonia not properly becoming urea)
CO2
20-29 mmol/L
Elevated:
Breathing disorder
Cushing syndrome
Low: Addison disease Ketoacidosis Lactic acidosis Metabolic acidosis
Why: kidney, lung, bicarbonate levels, losing/retaining fluid
Creatinine
0.8-1.2 mg/dL
Elevated levels:
Dehydration
Kidney damage
Why:
Chemical waste product of muscle metabolism (if kidneys can’t filter, levels will be high)
Glucose
64-100 mg/dL
Elevated:
Stress (trauma)
Pre diabetes (140-200)
Diabetes (200+)
Chloride
101-111 mmol/dL
Elevated:
Diarrhea
Metabolic acidosis
Lower: Dehydration Barrter Sydrome Burns Metabolic alkalosis
Why: elecotrolyte, balances body fluid and body acid/base)
Potassium
3.7-5.2 mmol/L
Elevated:
Addison disease
Kidney failure
Too much K+ in diet
Low:
Cushing syndrome
Diuretics
Hyperaldosteronism
Why:
Helps nerves and muscles communicate
Helps moves nutrients into cells and waste out of cells
Sodium
136-144 mmol/L
Elevated: Fluid loss, dehydration Adrenal problems Diabetes insipidus (kidneys can't conserve water) Too much Na+ in diet
Low:
Increase in total body water (heart failure, kidney disease, cirrhosis of liver)
Phosphate (PO4)
3.0 - 4.5 mg/dL
Hemoglobin/Hematocrit
Normal RBC, ratio is 3:1
Based on all of blood volume SO, dehydration = higher ratio ;
Fluid overload = lower ratio
Prealbumin
15 - 36 mg/dL
Elevated indicates CLD
Cholesterol
Less than 200 = good
200-239 = borderline high
Higher than 240 = high
LDL Cholesterol
Under 130 = good
130-159 = borderline high
160-189 = high
Above 190 = very bad
HDL Cholesterol
Below 40 = bad
40-59 = ok
Above 60 = good
Triglycerides
Below 150 = good
150-199 = borderline high
200 - 499 = high
Above 500 = very high
ESRD
BUN: 80-100
Creatinine: 10
GFR: less than 15
