Cognitive Development in the Primary Years

Question 1

Define Piaget’s concrete operational stage

Answer 1

Thinking becomes more abstract but requires concrete objects

Ages 5-12

Question 2

What is decentration?

Answer 2

Coordination of 2 ideas at once

Question 3

What is reversibility?

Answer 3

Mental reverse of the steps of a process

Question 4

What is causality?

Answer 4

Understanding cause and effect

Question 5

What is multiple classification?

Answer 5

The ability to categorize objects in more than one way

Question 6

What does Piaget’s theory underestimate?

Answer 6

The ages at which abilities emerge

The role of culture and social interaction on development

Question 7

What is verbal thought?

Answer 7

The ability to consciously manipulate language in one’s mind

Question 8

What is zone of proximal development?

Answer 8

Task is beyond the child’s ability so an adult can guide with hints, questions, and modeling

Question 9

According to the information processing theory, the ability to store and retrieve information involves:

Answer 9

Perception
Encoding
Consolidation
Retrieval

Question 10

What are the two options for consolidation?

Answer 10

Assimilation and accommodation

Question 11

Memory is embedded in:

Answer 11

Reasoning
Emotion
Attention
Language

Question 12

What are the types of content memory?

Answer 12

Episodic memory
Semantic memory
Procedural memory

Question 13

What are the different memory senses?

Answer 13

Visual, verbal and scent memory

Question 14

T/F In individualistic cultures, more focus and reliance is placed on shared memories

Answer 14

False! Collectivistic

Question 15

What is metacognition?

Answer 15

The ability to think about your own mental processes

Question 16

T/F There are significant gaps in school achievement between Euro-American children and children from historically underrepresented groups, particularly in urban areas

Answer 16

T

Question 17

What can impact success in school?

Answer 17

Clashes in cognitive style
Teacher bias
Poverty
Family attitude towards school

Question 18

What are some classroom accommodations that could improve success?

Answer 18

Address multiple learning styles

Allow kids to take as long as they need on a learning task

Question 19

How can we support cognitive development in the primary years?

Answer 19

Provide hands on experiences
Encourage kids to:
-Think out loud
-Make judgements
-Determine causes