Final - Theories of development Flashcards
What theory did Erikson’s 8 stages stem from?
Psychoanalytic theory
What are Erikson’s stages?
Trust vs. Mistrust Autonomy vs. Shame Initiative vs. Guilt Industry vs. Inferiority Identity vs. Role Confusion Intimacy vs. Isolation Stagnation vs. Generativity Integrity vs. Dispair
What are the age ranges for Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory?
Sensorimotor 0-2
Preoperational 2-7
Concrete operational 8-12
Formal operational 12+
Define sensorimotor stage:
Babies acquire knowledge through senses
Define preoperational stage:
Able to have internal thought, however thinking relies on concrete objects
Define concrete operational stage:
More abstract, still need concrete objects to learn, but no longer fooled by perceptions
Define formal operational stage:
Thinking is abstract
What theory is Lev Vygotsky associated with and what was the belief about children’s thinking and language?
Information processing theory
Infants - nonverbal thought and non-conceptual speech
Preschoolers - verbal thought and self directed speech
What is Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal development?
When a child learns by an adult giving cues or prompts to help the child on a task that is above their intellectual ability
What is self directed speech?
Verbal behavior in which children talk to themselves to solve problems
Why do we use theories?
Guide professional practice
Give us a purpose for process of education
Provide useful strategies
Which stage of cognitive development says that children are able to have internal thoughts and use symbols to solve problems?
Piaget’s preoperational stage
