Orthotics

Question 1

What single axis KAFO is used for patients with genu recurvatum, and why?

Answer 1

Free motion knee joint has a stop to prevent hyperextension

Question 2

What do you add to a dual channel ankle joint for plantar spasticity

Answer 2

Posterior pin

Question 3

What does adding a footplate to a knee immobilizer?

Answer 3

Decreases rotational instability of the knee

Question 4

What do you add to a dual channel ankle joint for toe drag

Answer 4

Posterior pin

Question 5

Advantage of thermoplastic orthoses

Answer 5

Can be molded and remolded by heating

Question 6

2 main reasons why knee orthoses are prescribed

Answer 6

1. Prevent genu recurvatum

2. Provide mediolateral stability

Question 7

Which plastic AFO trim line is used with someone with high level of spasticity

Answer 7

Rigid plastic AFO

Question 8

Which type of knee orthosis is prescribed for protection and management of sports injuries, such as ACL injuries?

Answer 8

Lenox-Hill derotation orthosis

Question 9

Dorsiflexion creates knee flexion moment at what part of gait cycle?

Answer 9

After heel strike

Question 10

2 main types of KAFOs

Answer 10

Single axis or polycentric KAFO

Question 11

What do you add to a dual channel ankle joint for weak knee extensors?

Answer 11

Anterior pin

Question 12

What do you add to a dual channel ankle joint for flaccid foot drop

Answer 12

Posterior spring

Question 13

What do you add to a dual channel ankle joint for weak plantarflexors

Answer 13

Anterior pin

Question 14

Which plastic AFO trim line is used for someone with flaccid foot drop

Answer 14

Posterior leaf spring AFO

Question 15

What single axis KAFO is used for patients with severe obesity and quadriceps weakness?

Answer 15

KAFO with double metal uprights and posterior offset knee joint

Question 16

3 trim line designs for plastic AFOs

Answer 16

1. Posterior leaf spring
2. Semirigid plastic AFO
3. Rigid plastic AFO

Question 17

In a reciprocal gait orthosis, how is forward stepping achieved?

Answer 17

Active hip flexion
Lower abdominal extension
Trunk extension

Question 18

What do you add to a dual channel ankle joint to limit plantarflexion?

Answer 18

Posterior pin

Question 19

What do you add to a dual channel ankle joint for knee hyperextension?

Answer 19

Posterior spring

Question 20

What does adding a spring or a pin in a single channel ankle joint do?

Answer 20

Spring assists in dorsiflexion.

Pin limits plantar flexion.

Question 21

Which type of knee orthosis is prescribed to control knee hyperextension/genu recurvatum

Answer 21

Swedish knee cage

Question 22

What do you add to a dual channel ankle joint to assist dorsiflexion

Answer 22

Posterior spring

Question 23

What do you add to a dual channel ankle joint to limit dorsiflexion

Answer 23

Anterior pin

Question 24

Which plastic AFO trim line is used for someone with foot drop with some extensor tone and/or mediolateral instability of the ankle

Answer 24

Semirigid plastic AFO

Question 25

Line of gravity in relation to hip joint, knee joint and ankle joint

Answer 25

Posterior to hip, anterior to ankle, anterior to knee

Question 26

What type of orthosis is a bilateral HKAFO that paraplegics may use to ambulate?

Answer 26

Reciprocal gait orthosis

Question 27

What orthosis is used in a paraplegic that can provide unsupported standing

Answer 27

Scott-Craig orthosis

Question 28

Which plastic AFO trim line is used for someone with Charcot joint

Answer 28

Rigid plastic AFO

Question 29

Plantar flexion creates knee extension moment at what parts of gait cycle?

Answer 29

Midstance to toe off

Question 30

Line of gravity in relation to cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae

Answer 30

Behind cervical, in front of thoracic, behind lumbar