Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Reproduction > David noakes lecture > Flashcards

David noakes lecture Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 broad categories of subfertility?

A

Structural
Functional
Management
Infectious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How often should a normal cow cycle

A

q18-24 days unless pregnant or within 4-6 weeks post partum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

5 reasons for no observed oestrus?

A 
freemartinism
acylical/anestrus
ovarian cysts
silent heat 
not detected
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What would you feel on rectal in an acyclical cow?

A

small flat ovaries, involuted tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Causes of acyclicity

A

poor BCS, NEB, concurrent disease, high milk yield

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does low nutrition affect fertility?

A

Low IGF1 –> reduced response to oestradil & reduced production of GnRH, reduced response to GnRH & reduced FSH and LH, decreased ambryo growth & IFN tao production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What hormonal treatment could you give to an anestrus cow?

A

PRID or CIDR alone or with GnRH or eCG.

Need to correct nutrition etc as well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does a normal follicle look like?

A

1.5-2cm diameter, thin walled, transient.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does a vacuolated CL look like?

A

Same size as normal CL, fluid bit in it, identifiable ovulation point. Normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does a luteinised follicle look like?

A

<2.5cm, no sign of ovulation, large cavity. Occur early post partum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does a follicular cyst look like?

A

thin walled (<3mm), >2.5cm diameter, fluid filled structure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does a luteal cyst look like?

A

thick walled (>3mm), fluid filled structure >2.5cm diameter. Produce P4.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the definition of a cyst?

A

> 2.5cm, lasts >10 days. Develop from anovulatory graafian follicle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which kind of cyst can result in nymphomania?

A

Follicular cyst (may secrete estrogen)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why do cysts occur?

A

hypothalamic level: failure of LH surge (attenuated after calving). Hypothalamus less sensitive to oestradiol after calving.
Ovarian: reduced LH receptors in granulosa cells.
NEB –> NEFAs –> impaired follicular proliferation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How would you treat a follicular cyst?

A

GnRH/hCG then PGF

or PRID/CIDR for 10-12d

17
Q

pyometra is associated with ____ _____ therefore treatment is ____

A

persistent CL

PGF2a

18
Q

How often and for how long should cows be watched for estrus behaviour

A

20-30min
at least 3 times per day
best 9-10 at night

19
Q

PGF method of fixed time AI?

A

2 lots of PGF2a 11 days apart then double AI at 72 & 96h or single at 84

20
Q

How do you do the PRID method of timed AI?

A

PRID or CIDR for 7-9d with PGF2a 24h before removal & AI at 48 & 72h

21
Q

What is involved in ovsynch?

A

day 0 - GnRH
day 7 - PGF
day 9 - GnRH
day 10 - AI

22
Q

At what point does it become foetal death rather than embryonic?

A

42 days

23
Q

General causes of embryonic death

A 
Luteal deficiency/hormone imbalance 
embryopathic organisms
oportunistic endometritis
over/under nutrition
stress
genetic factors
24
Q

How can you treat/avoid luteal deficiency?

A

PRID supplementation, hCG at 4-9 days post AI –> accessory CL

25
Q

Specific EMBRYOpathic organisms?

A 
Chlamydophila psiticci
Plasmas (myco, urea, achole) 
BVDV
IBR
Tritrich fetus
Blue tongue
Campylobacter fetus
26
Q

6 ways you can improve fertility in a repeat breeder?

A 
change sire/natural cover
sire with high fertility 
AI at normal time &amp; 24h after 
hCG or GnRH at time of first AI
GnRH analogue 11-12 days after AI
PRID 11-12 days after AI
27
Q

Organisms that commonly cause endometritis

A 
Trueperella pyogenes 
Prevotella 
E coli
Fusobaterium necrophorum
Fusobacterium nucleatum
28
Q

How do you treat endometritis if there’s a) a cl b) no cl c) chronic lesions

A

a) PGF2a
b) intrauterine cephalosporin - metricure
c) pov iodine

29
Q

What is the definition of abortion

A

Born <271 days after insemination and born dead or lives <24h

30
Q

What are 5 non infectious reasons for abortion?

A 
Toxic factors
Endocrine factors
Misuse of therpeutic things e.g. steroids, PGF
Heat stress 
Genetic factors
31
Q

3 causes of abortion that can happen at any time?

A

BVDV, TB, T pyogenes

32
Q

1 cause of abortion 4-7m

A

IBR

33
Q

1 cause of abortion 4-9m

A

Fungi

34
Q

1 cause abortion 5m

A

tritrich fetus

35
Q

1 cause abortion 5-7m

A

campy fetus

36
Q

3 cause abortion 6-9m

A

lepto, brucella, listeria

37
Q

1 cause abortion 7m

A

salmonella

38
Q

2 full term causes

A

bacillus licheniformis

neospora caninum

Reproduction (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions