The sea

Question 1

Waves

Answer 1

Waves are made from a friction between the wind and the surface of the sea
The size of the wave depends on two things:
the strength of the wind
the fetch of the sea

Question 2

Destructive waves

Answer 2

• weak swash

- very strong backwash which wears away and carried away material from the beach

Question 3

Constructive waves

Answer 3

They have a strong swash but a very weak backwash which does not carry much material back to sea

Question 4

Swash

Answer 4

as the wave reaches the shore it breaks the white foamy water that flows up te beach is called the swash

Question 5

Backwash

Answer 5

when the water runs out of speed it stops and it flows back down the beach into the sea

Question 6

Cliffs

Answer 6

waves break onto the coast they cut a notch into the rock. when the notch gets deeper, the over-hanging notch collapes

Question 7

Bay

Answer 7

a wide deep opening into the coastline

Question 8

headland

Answer 8

a piece of land jutting out into the sea

Question 9

sea caves

Answer 9

a tunnel or passage at the base of a cliff

Question 10

longshore drift

Answer 10

waves approach the shore at an acute angle
the swash of each wave pushes material up and along the shore
each backwash drags the material straight down the shore following the slant of the beach
as the process repeat themselves, the material gradually transported along the shore in a zig-zag manor

Question 11

A spit

Answer 11

a narrow ridge of sand

Question 12

a bar

Answer 12

a narrow ridge of sand that which seals off the mouth of a bay

Question 13

a lagoon

Answer 13

a small lake formed behind the bar. it was part of the bay then sealed by the bar

Question 14

a tombolo

Answer 14

a narrow ridge of sand which joins an offshore island to the mainland

Question 15

beaches

Answer 15

a beach is a gently sloping area of sand or shingle that occurs between high and low tide levels

Question 16

coastel protection

Answer 16

groynes, rock armour, sea walls, gabions