Nutrition diet and body weight Flashcards
define catabolic vs anabolic processes
Catabolic- Breakdown molecule to release energy in the from of reducing power
Anabolic- Use enrgy and raw material to make larger molecules for growth and maintenace
what type of energy do cells use?
Chemical bond energy
define calorie
amount of energy reqd to raise the temp of one kilogram of water by 1 celcius
what is a carbohydrates general formula?
(CH2O)n
what are the nine essential amino acids?
If learnt this huge list may prove truly valuable
Isoleucine Lysine Threonine Histidine Leucine Methionine Phenylalanine Tryptophan Valine
why are proteins of animal origin considered better than proteins of plant orign?
Animal proteins contain all the essential Amino Acids
Plant proteins dont
What are lipids required for? 3
energy
absorption of fat soluble lipids (A,D,E,K)
provide essential fatty acids
4 uses of mineral?
structure (teeth, bones)
Signalling molecules
Enzyme co factors
Haemoglobin (iron)
Use of fibre?
Reduce cholesterol
prevent constipation and bowel cancer
Decrease risk of diabetes
How does fibre reduce cholesterol?
Cholesterol used to produce bile salts. Fibre binds to cholesteerol and removes it from the GI tract
So less cholesterol is recycled so decreased blood cholesterol
what is the daily energy expenditure a sum of?
Basal metabolic rate
Diet induced thermogenesis (energy required to process food)
Physical activity level
Define Basal metabolic rate
Energy required to maintain acitivites of the body
What provides a short initial boost of energy
Creatine phosphate
What provides energy for mins to hours?
Carbohydrate stores
Long term store of energy?
Fats
