5A Classical conditioning

Question 1

Learning

Answer 1

The process of gaining knowledge or skills resulting from experience

Question 2

Behavoiurist approaches

Answer 2

An approach to learning that states that behaviours are learned through interactions with the environment
e.g
- Classical conditioning
- Operant conditioning

Question 3

Conditioning

Answer 3

A learned process where an organisms behaviour is dependent on an event or stimulus occuring in its environment

Question 4

Stimulus

Answer 4

An environmental event that triggers a response in an organism

Question 5

Response

Answer 5

A behavioural reaction to a stimulus

Question 6

Type of response in classical conditioning and examples

Answer 6

Involuntary or reflexive one that occurs automatically and unconsciously
e.g
blinking in response to dust blowing in your eyes on a windy day or salivating in response to your favourite freshly baked cookies

Question 7

When and who did the classical conditioning research

Answer 7

• around 1900
• psychologist Ivan Pavlov

Question 8

Pavlov’s study

Answer 8

What he was studying

the role of saliva in dogs digestion
~~~
What he made
~~~
equipment to measure the amount of saliva that dogs produced in response to food in front of them
~~~
What he noticed
~~~
dogs started to salivate as soon as the person feeding them entered the room
~~~
What he then did
~~~
experimented with other stimuli to see if they also produced salivation

Question 9

Classical conditioning

Answer 9

• Involuntary learning
• occurs through repeated associations between 2 stimuli to produce a conditioned response

Question 10

Three-phase process of classical conditioning

Answer 10

• before conditioning
• during conditioning
• after conditioning

Question 11

Before conditioning

Answer 11

• first stage where no learnning has taken place yet
• Unconditioned stimulus
  produces an:
• Unconditioned response
• Neutral stimulus
  Produces:
  no response

Question 12

During conditioning

Answer 12

• second stage of classical conditioning, where learning occurs through association
• Neutral stimulus
  is repeatedly presented immediately before the:
• Unconditioned stimulus
  multiple times, and the UCS produces the:
• Unconditioned response

Question 13

After conditioning

Answer 13

The final stage of classical conditioning

• Neutral stimulus
  is now the:
• Conditioned stimulus
  it now produces the:
• Conditioned response

Question 14

Acquisition

Answer 14

process where organism learns to associate two events (NS and UCS)

Question 15

Unconditioned stimulus

Answer 15

stimulus that produces a naturally occuring response

Question 16

Unconditioned response

Answer 16

a response that occurs automatically/involuntarily when the UCS is presented

Question 17

Neutral stimulus

Answer 17

a stimulus (prior to conditioning) that doesnt produce a response

Question 18

Conditioned stimulus

Answer 18

was the neutral stimulus but, due to repeated associations with the UCS, it produces the CR

Question 19

Conditioned response

Answer 19

learned behaviour, similar to the UCR and is now triggered by CS after conditioning