5B: Lung Volumes

Question 1

What is the resting level for TLC?

Answer 1

The point of expiration at rest

Question 2

What is the value of resting expiration?

Answer 2

Normally 40% of TLC

Question 3

What is IRV?

Answer 3

Inspiratory reserve volume - additional inspiration volume after tidal volume inspiration

Question 4

What is the value of IRV?

Answer 4

50% of TLC

Question 5

What is ERV?

Answer 5

Expiratory reserve volume - additional expiration volume after tidal volume expiration

Question 6

What is the value of ERV?

Answer 6

15% TLC

Question 7

What is RV?

Answer 7

Residual volume - air that cannot be expelled from lungs

Question 8

What is the value of RV?

Answer 8

25% TLC

Question 9

What is IC?

Answer 9

Inspiratory capacity - amount of air that can be inspired after tidal volume expiration

Question 10

What is the value of IC?

Answer 10

60% TLC

Question 11

What is VC?

Answer 11

Vital capacity - maximum amount of air that can be moved in and out of the lungs

Question 12

What is the value of VC?

Answer 12

3500-4500 ml

Question 13

What is TLC?

Answer 13

Total lung capacity - sum of VC + residual volume

Question 14

What is the value of TLC?

Answer 14

5-6 L

Question 15

What is TV?

Answer 15

Tidal volume - air moved during breathing at rest

Question 16

What is the value of TV?

Answer 16

350-400 ml

Question 17

What is minute ventilation?

Answer 17

TV x RR

Question 18

What is FEV1?

Answer 18

Functional expiratory volume for 1 second - amount of air as a % of VC that can be expired in 1 second

Question 19

What is the value of VEF1?

Answer 19

75-80%

Question 20

What is VD?

Answer 20

Anatomical dead space: air that must move through the conducting respiratory zone with each breath

Question 21

What is the value of VD?

Answer 21

150 ml

Question 22

What happens to residual volume with OLD?

Answer 22

Increases

Question 23

What will eventually erode the functional lung volumes?

Answer 23

Loss of lung tissue recoil and increased compliance

Question 24

What are the first effects seen in lung volume changes with OLD?

Answer 24

Decreases in FEV1, <75% is considered OLD

Question 25

What energy changes happen with OLD?

Answer 25

Increased energy usage because energy is also required to exhale

Question 26

What does increased energy demands in OLD lead to?

Answer 26

Hypertrophy of accessory muscles as pt attempts to normalize their lung volumes

Question 27

What happens to lung volumes with restrictive disorders?

Answer 27

Decreases in all lung volumes, increased work load trying to expand the lungs