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Biblical Ethics > 5th Commandment > Flashcards

5th Commandment Flashcards

1
Q

Commandment Quote

A

I. “Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be prolonged in the land which the LORD your God gives you.” (Ex 20:12; Deut 5:16)

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2
Q

2nd Table of the Law -Focus

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i. This commandment marks the turning point in the law where the relationships change from those focused on God to those focused on other humans.

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3
Q

2nd Table of the Law - Issues

A
  • This commandment also serves as a transition between responsibilities to God and responsibilities to others.
  • Issues of authority and submission are the key element of this commandment. These issues are involved in relationships with God and others.
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4
Q

Theological Justification: Authority and Submission -Basis For

A
  • As with the other commandments, this one is based on the fact that God has delivered his people from slavery in Egypt. As a result of that deliverance, there is an expectation of submission on the part of the Israelites.
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5
Q

Theological Justification: Authority and Submission - god and Man’s Status

A
  • God’s authority is supreme.

- God has granted humans a special status in creation by placing us in authority over the rest of creation.

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6
Q

Theological Justification: Authority and Submission -Dichotomy

A
  • In discussions about authority and submission, a false dichotomy is often drawn.
  • Some make the argument that submission automatically implies inferiority.
  • Therefore, submission is discouraged because it acknowledges inferiority to the “superior” authority.
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7
Q

Theological Justification: Authority and Submission - Structures and statements

A
  • However, God has placed authority structures into creation to protect the order that he expresses in his own being.
  • Superiority/Inferiority are statements of value.
  • Authority/Submission are statements of structure/hierarchy
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8
Q

Theological Justification: Authority and Submission -What it is not

A
  • Submission to authority is not blind obedience.
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9
Q

Theological Justification: Honor - Term

A
  • The Hebrew term for “honor” in this text (כבד) carries the idea of Physical heaviness. Weighty, severe, important.
  • Honor includes fear, respect, and obedience.
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10
Q

Results of honoring father and mother - Verses

A
  • “. . . that your days may be prolonged in the land which the LORD your God gives you.” (Ex 20:12)
  • “. . . that your days may be prolonged and that it may go well with you on the land which the LORD your God gives you.” (Deut 5:16)
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11
Q

Results of honoring father and mother - Similarities in verses

A
  • In both versions of the command, length of days (long life) in the land is promised to those who honor their parents.
    1. This cannot be viewed as an absolute promise but a general promise.
  1. This reflects the idea of the blessings involved in the covenant with Israel.
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12
Q

Results of honoring father and mother - Additional Promise

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  • The Deuteronomy version of this command also promises prosperity in the land.
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13
Q

Ethical Impact: Parents and Children - Honor - Practical Considerations

A
  • The OT offers a number of practical applications to the command to honor one’s parents.
    a. Children must not kill their parents (Ex 2115)
    b. Children must not curse their parents (Ex 21:17; Lev 20:9)
    c. Children must not steal from their parents (Prov 28:24)
    d. Children must not treat their parents with scorn (Deut 27:16)
    e. Children must not strike, insult, or behave disrespectfully toward their parents (Deut 27:16; Prov 30:17)
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14
Q

Ethical Impact: Parents and Children - Honor - Punishment

A
  • Willful rebellion is condemned and punished by death (Deut 21:18–21)
    a. Most extensive legislation regarding parent-child relationship
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15
Q

Ethical Impact: Parents and Children - Obedience - New Testament

A
  • The NT speaks specifically about obedience and submission of children to their parents.

“Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right. HONOR YOUR FATHER AND MOTHER (which is the first commandment with a promise), SO THAT IT MAY BE WELL WITH YOU, AND THAT YOU MAY LIVE LONG ON THE EARTH. Fathers, do not provoke your children to anger, but bring them up in the discipline and instruction of the Lord.” (Eph 6:1–4)

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16
Q

Ethical Impact: Parents and Children - Obedience - Root of Disobedience

A
  • Disobedience to parents is seen as the result of a depraved mind. (Rom 1:28–32)
17
Q

Ethical Impact: Parents and Children - Elderly Parents - Scripture

A
  • Scripture gives children a mandate to care for their aging parents.
    a. “Honor widows who are widows indeed; but if any widow has children or grandchildren, they must first learn to practice piety in regard to their own family and to make some return to their parents; for this is acceptable in the sight of God. . . . But if anyone does not provide for his own, and especially for those of his household, he has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever.” (1 Tim 5:3–4, 8)
18
Q

Ethical Impact: Parents and Children - Elderly Parents - Pharisees

A
  1. The Pharisees were condemned for not caring for parents under the guise of dedicating their resources to the Lord.
    a. “He was also saying to them, “You are experts at setting aside the commandment of God in order to keep your tradition. For Moses said, ‘HONOR YOUR FATHER AND YOUR MOTHER’; and, ‘HE WHO SPEAKS EVIL OF FATHER OR MOTHER, IS TO BE PUT TO DEATH’; but you say, ‘If a man says to his father or his mother, whatever I have that would help you is Corban (that is to say, given to God),’ you no longer permit him to do anything for his father or his mother; thus invalidating the word of God by your tradition which you have handed down; and you do many things such as that.” (Mark 7:9–13; cf. Matt 15:4–6)
19
Q

Ethical Impact: Husbands and Wives - Justification

A
  • Within the marital relationship, God has also ordained appropriate structures for honor and authority.
  • Since the family is the basic building block of society, we must have a biblical understanding of gender roles within the family.
  • Eph 5:22–33
20
Q

Systems of Gender Roles: Egalitarianism - Basic terms/Goals/Views

A
  • Egalitarianism is also known as biblical feminism and evangelical feminism.
  • The goal of egalitarianism is the removal of all perceived inequalities between men and women in both the home and the Church.
  • Egalitarianism acknowledges the truthfulness and authority of Scripture, yet denies God-ordained role distinctions between men and women.
21
Q

Systems of Gender Roles: Egalitarianism - Summary

A
  • Men and women are created equal in regard to the image of God.
  • Men and women are created equal in regard to essence and role.
  • The fall of mankind created disorder and hierarchy (also referred to as “patriarchy”).
  • Functional equality between men and women can be restored through redemption in Jesus Christ.
  • All domestic roles and ministerial positions are open to both men and women.
22
Q

Systems of Gender Roles: Egalitarianism - Problems - assumptions/doctrine

A
  • Egalitarianism assumes that authority is inherently better than submission and, conversely, that submission automatically implies inferiority.
  • Egalitarianism is forced either to deny or to redefine the doctrine of the Trinity.
  • Egalitarianism cannot affirm the Christ-Church/husband-wife analogy without making the Church equal to Christ (Eph 5:22–24).
23
Q

Systems of Gender Roles: Egalitarianism - Problems - Headship/scripture

A
  • By denying the concept of headship, egalitarianism has difficulty explaining the doctrine of original sin and the concept of forensic justification (Rom 5:12–21).
  • Egalitarianism is given to proof-texting and radical reinterpretation of biblical texts (Gal 3:28; Col 3:11, 18–19).
  • Historically speaking, egalitarianism is a relatively new position (John 16:12–15).
24
Q

Systems of Gender Roles: Egalitarianism - Problems - Social implications

A
  • Egalitarianism leads to the support of other unbiblical family constructs (e.g., homosexuality, militant feminism, etc.).
  • Egalitarianism champions a social arrangement that has proven to be practically unfulfilling for its proponents (1 Tim 2:15).
25
Q

Systems of Gender Roles: Complimentarianism - Basic terms/goals/views

A
  • Complementarianism is also known as hierarchicalism, patriarchicalism, or traditionalism.
  • The goal of complementarianism is adherence to the distinct yet complementary roles revealed in Scripture for men and women in both the home and the Church.
  • Complementarians assert that men and women are ontologically equal, yet functionally distinct—with men primarily characterized by servant leadership and women primarily characterized by gracious submission.
26
Q

Systems of Gender Roles: Complimentarianism - Summary

A
  • Man and woman are created equal in regard to the image of God.
  • Man and woman are created equal in regard to essence (i.e., dignity, value, ontology, human nature), yet are created to fulfill differing gender roles.
  • The fall of mankind produced disorder and confusion over role relationships.
  • Proper role relationships may be restored through redemption in Jesus Christ.
  • Leadership positions in the home and the church (such as pastor and deacons) are reserved for males.
27
Q

Systems of Gender Roles: Complimentarianism - Problems

A
  • It can lead to abuse, if distorted.
  • It does not fit well with 21st century Western culture.
  • The majority of men are content to be apathetic followers or abusive dictators and many women are ostensibly content to grasp after leadership.
28
Q

Ethical Impact: Employers and Employees

A
  • The closest modern equivalent to the master-slave relationship today is that of employers and employees.
  • Scripture commands slaves to obey their masters, and the same can be said of employees.
  • Slaves obey their masters in sincerity.
  • Masters treat their slaves with respect.
29
Q

Ethical Impact: Government and Citizens - Scriptural duties

A
  • Scripture gives clear instructions that government is ordained by God as an authority.
    1. Rom 13:1–7; Titus 3:1; 1 Pet 2:13–17
    2. Resisting authority opposes the ordinance of God.
    3. Government bears the sword.
    4. Government can demand taxes.
    5. Christians have a duty to submit to government.
30
Q

Ethical Impact: Government and Citizens - Civil Disobedience - Definition

A
  • What should a Christian do when a government is oppressive and corrupt?
  • Civil disobedience is the idea of resisting government from within the structure of a nation or people
31
Q

Civil Disobedience: Antipromulgation View

A
  • Government should be disobeyed when it promulgates a law that is contrary to Gods Word (proclaims a law)
  • The power of government is not absolute.
  • The law is above the government.
  • Governments that rule contrary to God’s law are tyrannical.
  • Citizens should resist a tyrannical government.
  • Resistance takes two forms:
    1. Protest
    2. Force
32
Q

Civil Disobedience: Anticompulsion View

A
  • Government should be disobeyed when it commands the Christian to do evil
  • The power of government is not absolute.
  • Citizens should resist when required to commit evil.
  • Resistance should be within the scope of the law.
33
Q

Biblical examples of civil disobedience

A

a. Hebrew midwives in Egypt refusing to kill babies (Ex 1:15–21)
b. Obadiah’s refusal to obey Jezebel’s command to kill prophets (1 Kings 18:4, 13)
c. Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego refuse to worship image of Nebuchadnezzar (Dan 3)
d. Daniel’s refusal to pray to king rather than God (Dan 6)
e. Peter and John refuse to stop proclaiming the gospel (Acts 4)

34
Q

Result of Civil Disobedience

A
  • All forms of civil disobedience open one up to punishment by the government.
35
Q

How to respond to oppression

A
  • Obey its laws under God
  • Pray for oppressive governments
  • Work peacefully and legally to change government
  • Disobey oppressive commands
  • Flee oppressive governments
  • Patiently endure suffering
  • Trust the providence of God

Biblical Ethics (7 decks)

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