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Bacto practical > 5th Test - General characterisation of Enterobacteriaceae. Escherichia, Klebsiella, Enterobacter. > Flashcards

5th Test - General characterisation of Enterobacteriaceae. Escherichia, Klebsiella, Enterobacter. Flashcards

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1
Q

Enterobacteria can be found in the gastrointestinal tract only?

A

False

also in genital tract, respiratory tract and in the environment

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2
Q

Enterobacteria are middle-sized Gram-positive rods?

A

False, gram negative

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3
Q

Enterobacteria are obligate anaerobic bacteria?

A

False, (they are aerobic, facultative anaerobic)

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4
Q

Enterobacteriaceae are oxidase-negative bacteria?

A

True

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5
Q

Shigella species are motile bacteria?

A

False, not motile

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6
Q

MacConkey agar contains phenol red as a pH indicator?

A

False, contains Drigalski agar (neutral red)

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7
Q

MacConkey agar contains glucose as a carbon source?

A

False, lactose

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8
Q

Pathogenic E. coli strains isolated from the gut of piglets possess F5, F17 or F41 fimbrial antigens?

A

False
(F4, F6, F18=swine,
F5, F17, F41 = cattle)

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9
Q

E. coli can cause septicaemia in calves?

A

True

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10
Q

Klebsiella species are lactose-negative bacteria?

A

False, they are lactose-positive

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11
Q

Enterobacteriaceae are Gram-negative bacteria?

A

True

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12
Q

Klebsiella pneumonia is flagellated?

A

False, no flagella

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13
Q

Bismuth-sulphite agar is used to isolate E. coli?

A

False, used to isolate salmonella

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14
Q

E. coli strains can form capsules which were isolated from swine?

A

False, in calf (swine: haemolysis)

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15
Q

Enterobacteria are fastidious bacteria?

A

False (simple)

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16
Q

Oedema-disease is caused by E. coli in neonatal piglets?

A

False, in weaned piglets

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17
Q

Klebsiella pneumonia cannot produce a capsule?

A

False, has capsule

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18
Q

Enterobacter cloacae are a lactose-negative bacteria?

A

False, lactose positive

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19
Q

E. coli is an obligate pathogenic species?

A

False (most of them are saprophytic, some are facultative pathogenic

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20
Q

E. coli is an indole-positive bacteria?

A

True

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21
Q

Normal habitat of Enterobacteriaceae

A

Gut - Feces to the environment

  • Most are Saprophytes
    = inhibits growth of unwanted pathogen
  • Produce Vitamins
  • Help in digestion
  • Some contain enzymes (host has not)
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22
Q

Morphology of Enterobacteriaceae

A

Mid sized (1-3 micrometer)
ROD
FLAGELLA
(not shigella and Klebsiella)

Some have CAPSULE and FINBRIA

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23
Q

Morphology of Enterobacteriaceae

RESISTANCE

A

Fair, average resistance

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24
Q

Only Enterobacteriaceae has lactose + bacterias
- Lactose test will give you only 3 bacterias left
Which

A

E-Coli
Klebsiella
Enterobacter

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25
Enterobacteriaceae | Staining
GRAM NEGATIVE
26
Enterobacteriaceae | Culture
``` SIMPLE AEROBIC FACULATIVE ANAEROBE 10-45 degrees (37 degrees) Wide temperature range wher proppagation is possible ```
27
Enterobacteriaceae Culture How long time to produce colony?
1 day
28
Enterobacteriaceae | Selective and Differential media
- Offen contain manny bacteria!!!! Differentation is maily due to LACTOSE Fermentation
29
Enterobacteriaceae | Selective ENRICHMENT
1. Salmonella - Combined media, can examine many features of bacteria at the same time - Mainly used in food hygiene, not in clinical diagnostics 2. Chromogene Media, media containing chemicals. = When a reaction occurs it changes color.
30
Enterobacteriaceae Selective ENRICHMENT Chromogene Media
1. RAMBACH AGAR = Fermentation of propylene glycol - TURNS PINK.... 2. GLYCOL - same but for SALMONELLA 3. Chromocult coliform agar = differentiate btw E.COLI and COLIFORM
31
Enterobacteriaceae | Media contain
All media contains: 1. LACTOSE, 2. INDICATOR and 3. INHIBITORY MATERIALS
32
Enterobacteriaceae Culture Has LOW SELECTIVE CAPACITY True or False
TRUE Like Gram + bacterias ALL KIND of Enterobacteriaceae and gram + spp can Propagate
33
Enterobacteriaceae Culture LOW SELECTIVE CAPACITY Propagation on which media
1. Crystal violet - Lactose - litmus (DRIGALSKI) 2. Crystal Violet - Bile Salts - Lactose - Neutral Red (macconkey), Bilesalts inhiibit swarming 3. Eosin - Lactose - Methylene Blue
34
Enterobacteriaceae | What inhibit swarming?
Bilesalts inhiibit swarming
35
Enterobacteriaceae Culture MEDIUM SELECTIVE CAPACITY
NOT all kind of Enterobacterium can propagate, only the ones most important. E.COLLI + SALMONELLA 1, Brilliant Green - Lactose - Phenol red ESCHERICHIA and SALMONELLA 2. Deoxychocolate-citrate-lactose-neutral trd = (dc.) SHIGELLA
36
Enterobacteriaceae Culture HIGH SELECTIVE CAPACITY
Designed for ISOLATION of SALMONELLA | Bismuth-Sulphite Agar
37
Enterobacteriaceae | Biochemistry
Catalase + Oxidase - FERMENTATIVE (Acid+gass formation)
38
Enterobacteriaceae Biochemistry Antigens
Importaint since the bacteria are so WIDESPREAD Importaint for differentiation ``` O=Cellwalll K= Kapsule H= Flagella (not shigella or Klebsiella) F= Fimbria (generally involved with pathogenicity) ```
39
Enterobacteriaceae Biochemistry Grouping
1. Genus= Biochemical characteristics 2. Species= Biochemical and serological characteristics 3. Serogroups= O antigens 4. Serotype = O-K-H-F 5. Biotypes= Fermentation Patterns
40
Enterobacteriaceae | Pathogenicity
Obligate Pathogenic Faculative Pathogenic Saprophytic (most ssp)
41
Enterobacteriaceae Pathogenicity LACTOSE +
LACTOSE POSITIVE= ESCHERICHIA KLEBSIELLA ENTEROBACTER
42
Enterobacteriaceae Pathogenicity LACTOSE -
LACTOSE NEGATIVE= 1. Salmonella 2. Shigella 3. Yersinia 4. Proteus 5. Providencia 6. Edwardsiella 7. Serratia 8. Citrobacter
43
- 1. E.COLI - 2. KLEBSIELLA - 3. ENTEROBATER INDOL
- 1. E.COLI = + - 2. KLEBSIELLA = - - 3. ENTEROBATER = -
44
- 1. E.COLI - 2. KLEBSIELLA - 3. ENTEROBATER UREASE
- 1. E.COLI = - - 2. KLEBSIELLA = + - 3. ENTEROBATER = +
45
- 1. E.COLI - 2. KLEBSIELLA - 3. ENTEROBATER LACTOSE
ALL +++
46
- 1. E.COLI - 2. KLEBSIELLA - 3. ENTEROBATER MANNITOL
ALL +++
47
- 1. E.COLI - 2. KLEBSIELLA - 3. ENTEROBATER METYLRED
- 1. E.COLI = + - 2. KLEBSIELLA = - - 3. ENTEROBATER = - AS INDOL
48
- 1. E.COLI - 2. KLEBSIELLA - 3. ENTEROBATER VOGES-PROSKAUER
- 1. E.COLI = - - 2. KLEBSIELLA = + - 3. ENTEROBATER = +
49
- 1. E.COLI - 2. KLEBSIELLA - 3. ENTEROBATER H2S Phenylalanine-deaminase
All negative Phenylalanine-deaminase- - - H2S- - -
50
KLEBSIELLA | Habitat
WIDE 1. Gut 2. Respiratory way 3. Genital Tract 4. Environment 5. Mucous membranes
51
KLEBSIELLA | Morphology
ROD CAPSULE, Widely produced NO FLAGELLA
52
KLEBSIELLA | Culture
- LARGE, MERGING, MUCOID colonies - Single colonies - hard to see (extensive capsule) - Rapid change of color (indicator) = FAST METABOLISM
53
KLEBSIELLA Culture What happen if they are allowed to grow for a long time?
- They will FERMENT all the LACTOSE and start to - DEGRADE the ACIDS produced. - When all acids are degraded = PH will increase
54
KLEBSIELLA | Biochemistry/Antigens
Lactose + VOGES PROSKAUER test + Urease + AG= 82 serogroupes (capsule) - Correlalted with disease
55
KLEBSIELLA | PATHOGENICITY
K.PNEUMONIAE - Sagophytic most Faculative pathogenic= 1. CALF = Bronchitis and Bronchopneumoniae 2. COW = Mastitis 3. MARE = Metritis 4. HUMAN = Pneumoniae and Urogenital infections
56
ENTEROBACTER Habitat
Gut | Environment
57
ENTEROBACTER | Morphology
ROD | CAPSULE
58
ENTEROBACTER | Culture
MUCOID Colonies
59
ENTEROBACTER | Biochemistry
Lactose + | VOGES PROSKAUER test +
60
ENTEROBACTER | Pathogenicity
SAPROPHYTIC Rarely respiratory infection - HUMAN E. CLOACAE E. AEROGENES
61
ESCHERICHIA COLI | Habitat
Gut (gut flora) | Mucous membranes
62
ESCHERICHIA COLI | Morphology + Resistance
``` 2-3 microm. ROD CAPSULE ( especially CATTLE) FLAGELLA FIMBRIA ``` MEDIUM RESISTANCE
63
ESCHERICHIA COLI | Staining
Gram NEGATIVE
64
ESCHERICHIA COLI | Culture
As ENTEROBACTERACEAE AEROBIC, FACULATIVE ANAEROBIC SIMPLE NUTRIENT AGAR or BROTH Capsule (calf) Haemolysis (Swine) - Swine strain have haemolysing capacity, indipendent from what disease they are collected.
65
ESCHERICHIA COLI Culture Which species has HAEMOLYSING CAPACITY OF THE STRAINS
SWINE
66
ESCHERICHIA COLI Culture Propagate on
SIMPLE NUTRIENT AGAR or BROTH
67
ESCHERICHIA COLI | Biochemistry
Lactose + Indol + (bact are able to produce indol from tryptophane)
68
ESCHERICHIA COLI Biochemistry ANTIGENS
O: Type specific (174 types) K = Heat stabile (A) and heat labile (K)= 80 types F= 19 types ``` F1= Common fimbra F2,F3= Human F4(K88), F6(987p), F18 (ab/ac) = SWINE F5 (K99), F17, F41 = Cattle F7-F16: UTI (urinary tr. inf) = Human and poultry ``` H= 57 types
69
ESCHERICHIA COLI | Pathogenicity
Sagophyte | - FACULATIVE PATHOGENIC (small fraction)
70
ESCHERICHIA COLI Pathogenicity Cattle and COW
``` CALF= Calf coli-diarrhoea and Septicaemia COW = MASTITIS and METRITIS ```
71
ESCHERICHIA COLI Pathogenicity SWINE
1- Coli-diarrhoea of neonatal PIGGLETS 2- Weaned Pigglets = Coli-diarrhoea and EDEMA diseases 3. SOW = MASTITIS and METRITIS
72
ESCHERICHIA COLI Pathogenicity Lamb
Lamb, Kid= Coli-diarrhoea
73
ESCHERICHIA COLI Pathogenicity POULTRY
1. day-old chicken = SEPTICAEMIA 2. Chichen = SEPTICAEMIA and RESPIRATORY disease 3. Older = LESIONS in ORGANS = NO DIARRHOEA
74
ESCHERICHIA COLI Pathogenicity Foal, Dog, Cat
Coli-Diarrhoea | SEPTICAEMIA
75
ESCHERICHIA COLI Pathogenicity HUMAN
1. Neonatal Enteritis 2. Septicaemia 3. Urogenital infections 4. Enteritis 5. Haemorrhagic Enterocolitis
76
ESCHERICHIA COLI Pathogenicity PATHOGENIC E-COLI STRAINS
1. ENTEROPATHOGENIC strains - INTIMIN, Protein on surface of bacteria - Attaches on enterocytes of mucous membranes - Destroy cells 2. ENTEROTOXIGENIC strains - ADHESIVE FACTORS, ENTEROTOXIN - Peptides change function of enterocytes - instead of absorbing water and nutrients = EXCRETE = Diarrhoea 3. VEROTOXIGENIC strains (VT1 and VT2) - VEROTOXINS - Inhibit PROTEIN SYNTHESIS - Attack ENDOCELLS 4. NEUROTOXIC strains (cytotoxic necrotic factor producing) - Attack EPITHELIA CELLS of the gut 5. ENTEROINVASIVE strains 6. ENTEROADHESIVE-AGGREGATIVE strains 7. SEPTICAEMIC STRAINS
77
ESCHERICHIA COLI Pathogenicity Species having ENTEROINVASIVE strains
(Humans) | SHIGELLA
78
ESCHERICHIA COLI Pathogenicity Species having ENTEROADHESIVE-AGGREGATIVE strains
Humans

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