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Bacto practical > 3rd test - Staphillococcus, Streptococcus > Flashcards

3rd test - Staphillococcus, Streptococcus Flashcards

1
Q

Screptococci can be observed in a smear as Gram positive coccoid bacteria forming brunches of grape

True or false

A

False

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2
Q

Spreptoococci are obligathe pathogenic bacteria

True or false

A

True

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3
Q

During the Gram staining we use the 96% alcohol to extract safranin or fuchsin from the Gram + bacteria
True or false

A

false

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4
Q

We can culture Staphylococci selectively by using 10 % NaCl, mannit and phenol-red containing agar.
True or false

A

True

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5
Q

Staphylococcus intermedius belongs to the group of coagulase negative Staphylococci.
True or false

A

false

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6
Q

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius causes otitis externa or dermatitis in dog and cat.
True or false

A

True

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7
Q

A Streptococcus porcinus causes the exudative epidermitis of the pigs.
True or false

A

False

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8
Q

Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Streptococcus uberis are important causative agents of mastitis for ruminants.
True or false

A

False

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9
Q

The Enterococci have a higher pH optimum, compared to the other bacteria.
True or false

A

True

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10
Q

Lactobacilli, thanks to their active fermentation, can produce lactate in food-this featxxx xxx used in the food industry
True or false

A

True

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11
Q

Staphylococci can be observed in a smear as Gram positive coccoid bacteria in chains
True or false

A

True

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12
Q

During the Gram staining we can extract crystal violet and Lugol solutions from Gram + bacteria
True or false

A

false

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13
Q

MRSA means meticillin resistant Streptococcus agalactioe
True or false

A

false

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14
Q

We can differentiate between Staphylococci and Streptococci by their pigment production
True or false

A

True

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15
Q

Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus suis and Streptococcus bovis can cause septicaemia in severe cases
True or false

A

True

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16
Q

The horse strangles is caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis
True or false

A

false

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17
Q

The scarlet fever is caused by toxin producing strains of Streptococcus pyogenes
True or false

A

true

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18
Q

Staphylococci are more fastidious bacteria compared to the Streptococci
True or false

A

false

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19
Q

The Lactobacilli have a higher pH optimum, compared to the other bacteria
True or false

A

false

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20
Q

Lactococci and Lactobacilli can be given as probiotics in case of dysbacteriosis
True or false

A

True

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21
Q

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram negative coccus
True or false

A

False

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22
Q

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is the causative agent of dog ulcerative stomatitis.
True or false

A

False?

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23
Q

Staphylococcus aureus is a haemolytic, pyogen bacteria.
True or false

A

True

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24
Q

Listeria monocytogenes can propagate themselves (grow) on 4°C
True or false

A

True

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25
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae can porduce capsule around the cell which give resistance against phagocytosis. True or false
False
26
Streptococci and Erysipelothrix infection can produce endocarditis in non treated cases. True or false
True?
27
The name of Staphylococcus aureus come from that it was first detected on the gold miner skin surface. True or false
False?
28
Gram negative strains have a blue color after Gram staining. True or false
False
29
Smears were fixated with heat over the flame of bunsen-burner. True or false
True
30
Staphylococci can survive in dried exsudatum for long time (e.g.: several months) True or false
True
31
Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram positive coccus True or false
False
32
Streptococci spp. are apathogen, saprophyte bacteria and belong to the normal skin flora. True or false
False?
33
The main coagulase positive species are: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus intermedius, Stpahylococcus aureus subsp. anaeroblus True or false
True
34
Listeria monocytogenes caused main diseases forms are: septicaemia. abortion and encephalitis. True or false
True
35
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae cannot infect birds or other mammals than swine. True or false
false
36
Staphylococcus aureus can produce antibiotics which rarely have resistance among bacteria True or false
True?
37
During the Gram-staining method we wash the slide with raw spirit in order to destain the Gram positive bacteria. True or false
False
38
Bacteria smears are dried in the refrigerator. True or false
False
39
Gram positive strains have a blue color after Gram staining. True or false
True
40
Steptococci spp. Take part in formation of the normal skin and mucus microflora True or false
True
41
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram negative coccus True or false
False
42
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is the causative agent of dog ulcerative stomatitis. True or false
False
43
Staphylococcus aureus is a haemolytic, pyogen bacteria. True or false
True
44
Listeria monocytogenes can propagate themselves (grow) on 4 °C. True or false
True
45
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae can porduce capsule around the cell which give resistance against phagocytosis. True or false
False
46
Streptococci and Erysipelothrix infection can produce endocarditis in non treated cases. True or false
True
47
The name of Staphylococcus aureus come from that it was first detected, on the gold miner skin surface True or false
False
48
Gram negative strains have a blue color after Gram staining. True or false
False
49
Smears were fixated with heat over the flame of bunsen-burner. True or false
True
50
Staphylococci can survive in dried exsudatum for long time (e.g.: several months) True or false
True
51
Staphylococcus Habitat
occurs world wide - Commensals on skin, mucous membranes (upper respiratory tract, lower urogenital) - Food - Plant - Soil - Water
52
Staphylococcus Morphology
- Coccus (1 micrometer in diameter) - Irregular cluster (buch of grapes) - Non-motile (NO FLAGELLA) - Do NOT form SPORES - NO CAPSULE
53
Staphylococcus Culture
- Not fastidious, simple (nutrient agar, air, 37 degrees, 1 day) - FACULATIVE ANAEROBE (exc S.a.ssp.anaerobius) - Colony morphology: White, opaque, 1-3 micrometer in diam - Pigment: (White, bovine and human-STRAINS - Golden yellow) - S.a.ssp ANAEROBIUS = no pigment production, HAEMOLYSINS (alpha, beta, gamma, delta), Animal trains of S. aureus and S. Pseudointermedius usually produce alpha and beta HAEMOLYSINS - Selective culture of staphillococci 10% NaCl - Mannitol - Phenolred agar Na-tellurite - Glycine - Pyruvic Acid - Eggyolk ----\> Black colonies Blood agar with nalidixic acid and colistrin
54
Staphylococcus Biochemistry/ Antigens
Catalase + (exc. S.a.ssp ANAEROBIUS) Oxidase - Fermentative Ag: Complex Complete hemosysis caused by alpha HAEMOLYSINS Incompleete hemolysis caused by beta HAEMOLYSINS (ring figure) - Sheep or ox blood agar
55
Staphylococcus Coagulase positive bacterias
S.aureus ssp. Aureus S. Aureus ssp ANAEROBIUS S.Pseudointermedius
56
Staphylococcus Coagulase negative bacterias
S.Hyicus S.Epidermidis S. haemolyticu S. Gallinarium S. Equorum S. Felis
57
Staphylococcus Coagulase positive bacterias S. aureus ssp. AUREUS (biotype A-E)
Local suppuration, abcesses, Infections following surgery: Many species - Arthritis (poultry) - Mastitis (cattle, sheep, goat, pig, horse) - Metritis (pig) - Dermatitis (sheep, goat, rabbit, poultry) - Udder impetigo (cattle, pig) - Septicaemia (tick pyaemia of 2-5 weeks lamb, rabbit, turkey) - Botryomycosis in horses (spermatic chord) after castration
58
Staphylococcus Coagulase positive bacterias S. Aureus ssp ANAEROBIUS
Morel disease of sheep (caseous lymphadenitis)
59
Staphylococcus Coagulase positive bacterias S.Pseudointermedius
Dog, Cat: - Pyoderma, - Pyometra, - Otis externa, - mastitis, - endometritis, - cystitis, - osteomyelitis, - wound infections
60
Staphylococcus Coagulase positive bacterias S.Hyicus
Exudative epidermis (greasy pig disease): under 3months of age.
61
Staphylococcus Coagulase positive bacterias S.Epidermidis S. haemolyticu S. Gallinarium S. Equorum S. Felis
Dermatitis Local suppuration
62
Staphylococcus Virulence factor - Pathogenic effect Coagulase
- Convert fibrinogen to fibrin - Fibrin deposition may shield staphylococci from phagocytic cells.
63
Staphylococcus Virulence factors
1. Coagulase 2. Lipases Esterases Elastases Staphylo-kinase deoxyribonuclease Hyalurenidase Phospoholipase 3. Surface proteins (Protein A) 4. Leukocidin 5. Alpha toxin 6. Beta toxin 7. Exfoliative toxin 8. Enterotoxin 9. Toxic shock syndrome toxins
64
Staphylococcus Virulence factor - Pathogenic effect 2. Lipases Esterases Elastases Staphylo-kinase deoxyribonuclease Hyalurenidase Phospoholipase
Extra cellular enzymes which promote tissue invation
65
Staphylococcus Virulence factor - Pathogenic effect 3. Surface proteins (Protein A)
Bind to Fc portion of IgG and inhibits Phagocytosis
66
Staphylococcus Virulence factor - Pathogenic effect 4. Leukocidin
Cytolytic destruction of Phagocytes
67
Staphylococcus Virulence factor - Pathogenic effect 5. Alpha toxin (haemolysin)
Spasm of smooth muscles necrotizing, lethal Major toxin in gangrenous mastitis
68
Staphylococcus Virulence factor - Pathogenic effect 6. Beta toxin
Damages cell membranes
69
Staphylococcus Virulence factor - Pathogenic effect 7. Exfoliative toxin
Responsible for skin lesions in humans
70
Staphylococcus Virulence factor - Pathogenic effect 8. Enterotoxin
Heat stable toxins assosiated with staphylococcal food poisoning in humans
71
Staphylococcus Virulence factor - Pathogenic effect 9. Toxic shock syndrome toxins
Induce tissue damage in humans
72
Micrococcus Habitat
Environment mucous membranes food Skin air
73
Micrococcus Morphology
Coccus Pigment - yellow, pink, orange
74
Micrococcus Biochemistry / Antigens
Catalase + Oxidase - OF: O/- OBLIGATE AEROBIC
75
Micrococcus Patogenicity
SAGOPHYTE - not pathogenic
76
Enterococcus Habitat
Intestinal tract of animals and man
77
Enterococcus Morphology
Some isolates are motile
78
Enterococcus Culture
Tolerate bile salts Grow on MACCOGNEY agar (red pin-point colonies) 10-15degrees Ph= 9,6 Lancefield D alpha haemolysis
79
Enterococcus Biochemistry/antiigens
Previously in group D sthreptococci since they possesses the group D cell wall antigens
80
Enterococcus Pathogenicity
Mainly SAPROPHYTES E.facealis E. faeciu E.avium E.Gallinarium Sometimes cause endocarditis and abcesses
81
LACTOCOCUS Culture
Lancefield N
82
ANAEROBIC COCCI PATHOGENICITY
Peptococcus: Metitis, Arthritis, Pneumonia Peptosthreptococcus - Peptoniphillus indolicus (bovine summer mastitis) A. Pyogenies S. Dysgalactica Ruminococcus (saphrophyte) Sarcina(saphrophyte) in rumen, og other non-ruminant in large intestine for monogastric animal grroup
83
LACTOBACILI Habitat
Mucous membrane Gut food feed plant
84
LACTOBACILI Morphology
Long, thin, sometimes curved rods
85
LACTOBACILI Staining
Gram positive
86
LACTOBACILI Culture
Microphillic Optimal temp at: 30-40 degrees of celcius
87
LACTOBACILI Biochemical/ Antigens
Active fermentation lactate Ph= 5,0 Silage
88
LACTOBACILI Pathogenicity
Saphrophytes 1. Delbrucki ssp bulgaricus 2. L. Delbrucki ssp lactis 3, L. Acidohillus 4, L, salvarius 5. L.plantarum
89
STREPTOCOCCUS Habitat
- Distributed world wide - Commensals on skin - Mucous membranes (upper resp, lower genital, digestive tract) - Food - Milk
90
STREPTOCOCCUS Morphology and resistance
- Coccus (1micrometer in diameter) - CHAIN FORMATION - Capsule (polysaccharide) - (S.Pyogenes, S.Pneumoniae, S.Equi) - Cell wall M proteins (S. Pyogenes, S. Equi, S.porcinus) - Anti phagocytic effect - NO FLAGELLA (non-motile) - Fimbria (S.pyogenes, S.salivarius, S.Sanguinis) - NO SPORES Resistance: Good Survive for weeks in dark, wet environment Susceptible to desiccation
91
STREPTOCOCCUS Staining
Gram-POSITIVE
92
STREPTOCOCCUS Culture
More f**astidious** - Require **enriched media** (blood or serum) - **Facultative anaerobe** * *- CO2 enhance the growth** * *- Incubation aerobically**, 37 degrees, **24-48 hours** **Small translucent colonies** * *-Usually hemolytic** * *Alpha**: Partial or incompleete - **Greenish** or **hazy** zones around the colonies * *Beta**: Compleete - **Clear zones** around the colonies * *Gamma**: No observable haemolysis **No growth** on MacCONKEY agar Selective culture: **EDWARDS-AGAR** (Chrystal violet, thallium-SO4, Esculin, blood)
93
STREPTOCOCCUS Biochemistry/Antigens
**Catalase -** **Oxidase -** **Fermentative** **Glycosides: Esculin, Salicin** **Extracellular enzymes and toxins:** Straptolysins (Haemolysins) Fibrinolysin Hyaluronidase DNase NADase Streptokinase Protease **Ag:** Complex Lancefield- grouping: Cellwall polysaccharide (A-W) **Other specific antigens:** **- Capsule antigens:** (S.Pyogenes, S.suis, S.Pneumoniae, S.equi) **Grouping:** Haemolysis Biochemical characteristics Antigens
94
STREPTOCOCCUS Types
S. Pyogenes S. Agalactiae, S.dysgalactiae, S.uberis S.Dysgalactiae ssp equisimilis S.Equi S.Equi ssp. equi S. Equi ssp. zooepidemicus S.suis septicaemia S.porcinus lymphadenitis S. Canis S. Salivarius, S.Sanguinis, S.Mutans S.Pneumoniae
95
STREPTOCOCCUS **S. Pyogenes**
Human: **1. Scarlet fever** **2. Rheumatic fever** - glomerulonephritis, - Pharyngitis - Tonsilitis 3. Human erypelas, Impetigo
96
STREPTOCOCCUS S. Agalactiae, S.dysgalactiae, S.uberis
**Mastitis**
97
STREPTOCOCCUS S.Dysgalactiae ssp equisimilis
Lymphadenitis, **ABORTION** in HORSES Because of abort, no milk production = dysgalactic
98
STREPTOCOCCUS **S.Equi** S.Equi ssp. equi S. Equi ssp. zooepidemicus
1. S. Equi ssp. equi = **STRANGLES** in HORSES 2. S.Equi ssp. zooepidermicus = Suppuration, septicemia in human, mastitis
99
STREPTOCOCCUS S.suis septicemia S.porcinus lymphadenitis
S.suis septicemia - **ARTHRITIS, MENINGITIS** S. Porcinus lymphadenitis = Abcesses
100
STREPTOCOCCUS S. Canis
Metritis Septicaemia
101
STREPTOCOCCUS S. Salivarius, S.Sanguinis, S.Mutans
ORAL STREPTOCOCCI
102
STREPTOCOCCUS S.Pneumoniae
**Pneumonia** **(human, guinea-pig and rat)** **Meningitis**
103
**Staphylococcus** Staining arangement Spore Motillity Growth in air Growth in anaerobe environment Catalase Oxidase OF test
Staining arrangement **= Gr+, irregular arrangemet, bunch of grapes** Spore = **NO -** Motillity= **NO-** Growth in air= **YES+** Growth in anaerobe environment= **YES +** Catalase = **YES +** Oxidase = **NO-** OF test= **F**
104
**Streptococcus** Staining arrangement Spore Motillity Growth in air Growth in anaerobe environment Catalase Oxidase OF test
Staining arrangement = **Gr+**, in **CHAINS**, (from **broth culture, pus, milk**) Spore = NO - Motillity= NO- Growth in air= YES+ Growth in anaerobe environment= YES + **Catalase = NO +** Oxidase = NO- OF test= F
105
MICROCOCCUS Staining arrangement Spore Motillity Growth in air Growth in anaerobe environment Catalase Oxidase OF test
Staining arrangement = Gr+, **alone, in pairs, irregular clusters, packages of 4/6** Spore = NO - Motillity= NO- Growth in air= YES+ Growth in anaerobe environment= **NO -** Catalase = YES + Oxidase = **YES+** OF test= **O/-**
106
ANAEROBE COCCUS Staining arrangement Spore Motillity Growth in air Growth in anaerobe environment Catalase Oxidase OF test
Staining arrangement = Gr+, alone, **in chains,** Irregular clusters, **packages of 4** Spore = NO - Motillity= NO- Growth in air= NO- Growth in anaerobe environment= YES + Catalase = NO - Oxidase = NO- OF test= F/-
107
RHODOCOCCUS Staining arrangement Spore Motility Growth in air Growth in anaerobe environment Catalase Oxidase OF test
Staining arrangement = Gr+, **Cocci or rods** Spore = NO - Motillity= NO- Growth in air= YES+ Growth in anaerobe environment= NO - Catalase = YES + Oxidase = YES+- **OF test= -**
108
**Staining arangement** STAPHYLOCOCCUS STREPTOCOCCUS MICROCOCCUS ANAEROBE COCCUS RHODOCOCCUS
All GR +

Bacto practical (9 decks)

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