Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

HNSS > 6-Cranial Nerves brainscape > Flashcards

6-Cranial Nerves brainscape Flashcards

1
Q

Bell’s Palsy

A

Inflammation of the facial nerve near hte stylomastoid foramen, compression of nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Bitemporal hermianopsia

A

loss of vision of one half of hte visual side of both eyes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Branches of V1

A

Nasal Lacrimal Frontal –> supratrochlear and supraorbital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Branches of V2

A

Zygomaticofacial Zygomaticotemporal Infraorbital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Branches of V3

A

Mental Buccal Auricotemporal Lingual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Branches of VII (Intra & Extracranial)

A

Intracranial : 1) Greater Petrosal (parasymp to glands & sinuses) 2) Nerve to stapedius 3) Chorda tympani (to glands and SA for taste) Extracranial: distal to the stylomastoid foramen To Zanzibar By Motor Car Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Marginal Cervical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Branchial Motor- Function & Nerves

A

Motor innervation to skeletal muscles derived from pharyngeal arch mesoderm V- Trigeminal VII- Facial IX- Glossopharyngeal X- Vagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ciliary Ganglion- Preganglionic Parasympathetic, Postganglionic Sympathetic, General Sensory

A

Preganglionic Parasympathetic: Oculomotor (III) Postganglionic Sympathetic: from the internal carotid General Sensory: Opthalamic (V1) Target Organ: Ciliaris, Sphincter pupillae, Iris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Components of the Ganglia of the H/N

A

1) Motor Root (GVE parasympathetic III, VII, IX or X presynaptic root that synapses there, postsynaptic emerges) 2) Sensory Root (GSAfrom one of the main divisions of CN V) 3) Postganglionic sympathetic root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Consensual pupillary action

A

shine light in a pupil, the other one constricts with it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cranial Accessory Nerve

A

Motor innervation to the larynx, palate, and cardiac branches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Damage to VII

A

*Most common injured cranial nerve *Paralysis of ipsilateral side *Loss of taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue *Alter secretions of lacrimal and salivary glands *Loss of corneal reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Diplopia

A

double vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Direct Pupillary Action

A

shine light into pupil, that pupil constricts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Divisions of the Oculomotor nerve

A

Superior - Levator Palpebrae Superioris & Superior Rectus Inferior- Inferior Rectus, Inferior oblique, medial rectus & carries preganglionic fibers to the ciliary ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Extraoclear Eye Muscles

A

Superior Oblique (IV) Inferior Oblque (III) Superior Rectus (III) Superior Rectus (III) Inferior Rectus (III) Medial Rectus (III) Lateral Rectus (VI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Foramens of CN VII

A

Internal acoustic Meatus & Stylomastoid foramens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

From what region does the parasympathetic of the autonomic ganglia in HN arise?

A

Craniosacral region (the parasympathetic cranial nerves)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

From what region does the sympathetic innervation of the HN arise?

A

Thoracolumbar region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Function of Auricular branch of Vagus Nerve

A

General sensory to auricle, external acoustic meatus, and tympanic membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Function of CN III

A

Somatic Motor: Superior, medial, inferior rectus, inferior oblique, levator palpebrae) Visceral Motor:(parasympathetic) ciliaris & sphincter papillae (accommodation of the lens & pupil constriction)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Function of CN IV

A

Somatic Motor- to superior oblique muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Function of CN IX

A

Visceral Afferent: from carotid body and sinus, posterior 1/3 of tongue, pharynx, soft palate, middle ear Special Sensory: From posterior 1/3 of tongue Visceral Efferent: parasymp to parotid gland BE: to stylopharyngeus muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Function of CN VI

A

Innervates lateral rectus muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Function of CN X
Somatic Afferent: from external acoustic meatus and skin posterior to ear Visceral Afferent: from aortic body & aortic arch receptors, dura of posterior cranial fossapharynx, larynx, viscera of thorax & most of abdomen Special: Taste from epiglottis Visceral Efferent: parasymp to pharynx, larynx, viscera of thorax and most of abdomen BE: to palatoglossus, most of muscles of pharynx and palate, and laryngeal muscles
26
Function of External Laryngeal branch of Vagus Nerve
Motor innervation to cricothyroid muscle
27
Function of Internal Laryngeal branch of Vagus Nerve
General sensory to mucosa of larynx above the vocal cords General sensory and taste to the posterior part of tongue and epiglottis
28
Function of Pharyngeal branch of Vagus Nerve
\*Motor innervation to all pharyngeal muscles except the Stylopharyngeus (IX) \*Motor innervation to all palatine muscles, except the tensor veli palatini (V3)
29
Function of Recurrent Laryngeal branch of Vagus Nerve
General sensory to the larynx below the vocal cords Motor to laryngeal muscles, except cricothyroid
30
Function of the nerve to the carotid body branch of the vagus nerve
sensory innervation to the carotid body, sensor of blood O2 content
31
Function of V3 Pharyngeal Innervation
\*Muscles of mastication 1) Masseter 2) Temporalis 3) Medial pterygoid 4) Lateral ptyerigoid\*Tensor tympani \*Tensor veli palatini \*Anterior belly of digastric \*Mylohyoid
32
Function of VII
Somatic Afferent: External auditory meatus Special: Taste on anterior 2/3 of tongue Visceral Efferent: Parasympathetic: to sublingual and submandibular glands, lacrimal gland, and mucous glands BE: muscels of facial expression, stapedius, posterior belly of digastric, and sylohyoid
33
Function of XII
Somatic Efferent: To all intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue except the palatoglossus
34
General Sensation and Taste innervation of the tongue
CN X = Internal laryngeal specifically
35
General Somatic Afferent nerves - Function & Nerves
Perception of touch, pain, temperature V- Trigeminal VII- Facial IX - Glossopharyngeal X - Vagus
36
General Somatic Efferent nerves- Function & Nerves
Motor innervation to voluntary muscles III- Oculomotor IV- Trochlear VI- Abducent XI- Accessory XII- Hypoglossal
37
General Visceral Afferent - Function & Nerves
Sensory input from viscera IX- Glossopharyngeal X- Vagus
38
General Visceral Efferent- Function & Nerves
Motor innervation to smoth muscle, heart and glands Oculomotor (III) Facial (VII) Glossopharyngeal (IX) Vagus (X)
39
Herpes Zoster
Shingles- virus remains latent in sensory neurons of the trigeminal ganglion
40
Homonymous hemianopsia
visual loss in similar fields
41
how does the facial nerve exit the cranium
stylomastoid foramen
42
How to test CN X
Uvula will deviate away from afflicated side due to unopposed action of levator veli palatini (
43
How to test CN XII
1) Articulation of speech 2) Atrophy of tongue 3) Stick out tongue --\> Deviation to affected side
44
Injury to the Trigeminal Nerve
1) Loss of corneal reflex 2) Paralysis of muscles of mastication, jaw deviates to affected side 3) Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureaux) - pain V1 & V2 area of face
45
Lesion to abducens
eye will deviate towards the nose (paralysis of lateral rectus)
46
Lesion to the Trochlear Nerve
Strabismus- person cannot look inferolaterally --\> double vision when looking down
47
Lesions of the Oculomotor Nerve
\*Dilated pupil- due to damage to parasymp to sphincter, dilator pupillae unopposed \*"down and out" gaze - unopposed SO & LR muscles \*Ptsosis- loss of levator palpebrae \*Loss of accommodation reflex (paralysis of ciliary muscle)
48
Location of the ciliary ganglion
posterior orbit of the eye, between the optic nerve and the lateral rectus
49
Location of the Otic Ganglion
immediately inferior to the foramen ovale, between the tensor veli palatini muscle and Mandibular nerve (V)
50
Location of the Pterygopalatine Ganglion
Pterygo-palatine fossa, hanging form Maxillary Nerve (V2)
51
Location of the submandibular ganglion
Above the deep portion of the submandibular gland, on hyoglossus muscle, hanging from the lingual nerve (from V3)
52
Location of the trigeminal ganglion
apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone in the middle cranial fossa
53
Muscles of mastication
Masseter Temporalis Medial Pterygoid Lateral Pterygoid
54
Mydriasis
dilation of the pupil
55
Otic Ganglion- Postganglionic Sympathetic, Preganglionic Parasympathetic, General Sensory
Preganglionic Parasympathetic- Tympanic nerve from Lesser Petrosal Nerve (IX) Postganglionic Sympathetic: general from external carotid General Sensory: Mandibular (V3)
56
Parasympathetic Ganglion in the HN
Ciliary Submandibular Pterygopalatine Otic
57
Pterygopalatine Ganglion- Postganglionic sympathetic, preganglionic parasympathetic, general sensory
Preganglionic Parasympathetic: Greater Petrosal Nerve (VII) Postganglionic Sympathetic: Deep petrosal nerve (from internal carotid) General Sensory: Maxillary (V2)
58
Special Afferent - Function & Nerves
Smell, Taste, Vision, Hearing, Balance I, II, VII, VIII, IX, X
59
Spinal Accessory Nerve
SCM & Trap
60
Strabismus
affected eye moves in different directions without proper control due to a cranial nerve lesion that paralyzes the extraoclear muscles
61
Submandibular Ganglion- Preganglionic parasympathetic, Postganglionic Sympathetic, General Sensory
Preganglionic Parasympathetic: Chorda tympani (VII) Postganglionic Sympathetic: from external carotid General Sensory: Lingual nerve (V3)
62
Target of the Pterygopalatine Ganglion
Lacrimal gland, nasal cavitiy, palate, pharynx \*Produces hayfever symptoms, wine tasting, tearing up
63
Target Organ of CIliary Ganglion
\*Sphincter pupillae \*Ciliaris muscle
64
Target Organ of the Otic Ganglion
Parotid Gland for salivation
65
Target Organs of the Submandibular Gland
Submandibular & Sublingual glands
66
Terminal Branches of the Parotid Plexus
Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Mandibular Cervical (also a posterior auricular branch)
67
Test for CII
Pupillary Light Reflex Afferent = CII, Efferent = CIII
68
Test for CN XI
Inability of a patient to elevate shoulder against resistance (do not test for cranial accessory)
69
Testing C1
Smell test with normal compound (ie coffee) one nostril at at ime
70
Testing CN VIII
\*Tuning fork in front of ear, then in front of bone. If hear in against bone then nerve is intact \*Or stand to see if they sway and lose balance
71
Testing CV
Touch: Forehead (V1) Cheek (V2) Chin (V3) Corneal Reflex Afferent CV, Efferent CII
72
Testing CVII
Muscles of fascial expression Taste on anterior 2/3 of tongue
73
Trigeminal Ganglion
Sits at apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone in the middle cranial fossa (Meckel's Cave) in the dura mater \*Contains cell bodies for sensory neurons in the trigeminal nerve
74
V3 Muscle Supply
Muscles of Mastication Anterior Belly of Digastric Mylohoid Tensor veli palatini Tensor tympani
75
VII motor innervation
muscles of facial expression Posterior belly of digastric stapedius
76
What are the components of the cavernous sinus?
III (Oculomotor) IV (Trochlear) V1, V2 (Trigeminal) VI (Abducens) Internal Carotid artery
77
What are the cranial nerves of the forebrain?
CN I & CN II
78
What are the cranial nerves of the medulla oblongata?
CNs IX, X, XI, XII
79
What are the cranial nerves of the midbrain?
CNs III & IV
80
What are the cranial nerves of the Pons?
CNs V, VI, VII, VIII
81
What are the functions (motor, sensory, both) of the trigeminal branches?
V1 & V2 = sensory, V3= mixed
82
What can injure the trigeminal nerve?
Trauma Tumors Aneurysms Meningeal infections
83
What CN are responsible for muscular contractions associated with gagging?
CN IX and X
84
What is the only nerve that does not exit the cranial cavity?
CN VIII
85
What is the only nerve to exit from the dorsal (posterior) surface of the brainstem?
Trochlear
86
What is the path of the vagus out of the skull?
Emerges from jugular foramen and descends within carotid sheath, behind and between internal jugular vein and internal/common carotrid artery
87
What is the result of a lesion to the right optic nerve
blindness in the right eye
88
What is the result of a vision in the optic chiasm?
Reduction in peripheral vision (ie Bitemporal hermianopsia)
89
What ist he largest cranial nerve?
Trigeminal
90
What supplies the cornea?
V1
91
What will be the effect of a lesion on the right optic tract?
Loss of vision from left visual field on both sides (Left homonymous hermianopsia)
92
Where does CNVIII emerge?
Junction of the pons & medulla
93
Where does frontal branch of V1 exit the skull?
Supraorbital foramen/notch
94
Where does the abducens nerve emerge from the brainstem?
Between the pons and medulla
95
Where does the facial nerve exit the cranium?
Stylomastoid foramen
96
Where does V2 exit the cranial cavity?
Intraorbital foramen
97
Where does V3 exit the cranium
Mental Foramen
98
Where will damage to the facial nerve at teh stylomastoid foramen manifest in paralysis?
The ipsilateral side (same side)
99
Which cranial nerve does not originate from the brain?
Accessory (XI)
100
Which nerve has the longest cranial course? what are the implications of this?
Abducens --\> can become stretched when intracranial pressure rises
101
Which nerves have parasympathetic nature?
III (Oculomotor) VII (Facial) IX (Glossopharyngeal) X (Vagus)

HNSS (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions