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Simmons NURP 502 Exam 2 > 6: EKG Waveforms > Flashcards

6: EKG Waveforms Flashcards

1
Q

Vertical axis of an EKG is _____.

A

Vertical axis of an EKG is voltage in millivolts (mV).

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2
Q

Horizontal axis of an EKG is _____.

A

Horizontal axis of an EKG is time in milliseconds (msec).

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3
Q

Each small box of an EKG represents _____.

A

Each small box of an EKG represents 0.04 seconds.

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4
Q

Each large box of an EKG represents _____.

A

Each large box of an EKG represents 0.20 seconds.

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5
Q

5 large boxes of an EKG represents _____.

A

5 large boxes of an EKG represents 1 second.

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6
Q

We measure an impulse traveling between a _____ and a _____ electrode.

A

We measure an impulse traveling between a positive and a negative electrode.

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7
Q

Impulse moving towards positive electrode = _____ deflection on graph.

A

Impulse moving towards positive electrode = positive deflection on graph.

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8
Q

Impulse moving towards negative electrode = _____ deflection on graph.

A

Impulse moving towards negative electrode = negative deflection on graph.

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9
Q

The more directly an impulse heads toward a positive lead, the _____ it will be on the graph.

A

The more directly an impulse heads toward a positive lead, the higher it will be on the graph.

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10
Q

The more directly an impulse heads away from a positive lead, the _____ it will be on the graph.

A

The more directly an impulse heads away from a positive lead, the lower (more negative) it will be on the graph.

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11
Q

T/F EKGs can diagnose arrhythmias and other cardiac abnormalities.

A

False. An EGK can only diagnose arrhythmias, though it can suggest other abnormalities.

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12
Q

What is the sequence of how the standard measurements of an EKG are written?

A

PR/QRS/QT

.12/.08/.40 for example

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13
Q

Represents time it takes for an impulse to spread through the atria, AV node, and bundle of His.

A

PR Interval

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14
Q

From beginning of P wave to beginning of QRS complex.

A

PR Interval

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15
Q

Normal PR Interval.

A

0.12-0.20 seconds (3-5 small squares)

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16
Q

Starts with deflection away from PR interval, continues to end of QRS complex (J point).

A

QRS Interval

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17
Q

Represents the time taken for an impulse to spread down the bundle branches and Purkinje fibers through the ventricles

A

QRS Interval

18
Q

Normal QRS Interval.

A

0.04-0.12 (1-3 small squares)

19
Q

T/F Every QRS complex must have a Q, R, and S wave.

A

False

20
Q

The initial negative deflection in the QRS Interval.

A

Q Wave

21
Q

The first positive deflection in a QRS Interval.

A

R Wave

22
Q

Any subsequent negative deflection in a QRS Interval.

A

S Wave

23
Q

Represents the entire time taken for electrical depolarization and repolarization of the ventricles.

A

QT Interval

24
Q

Starts at the beginning of the QRS complex (same as the end point for PR) and continues to the end of the T wave.

A

QT Interval

25
Q

The QTc (or QT corrected) corrects QT interval for _____.

A

The QTc (or QT corrected) corrects QT interval for heart rate.

26
Q

T/F Fluctuation of heart rate makes comparison of one QT to another useless; QTc corrects for these changes.

A

True

27
Q

The _____ the heart rate, the shorter the QT Interval.

A

The faster the heart rate, the shorter the QT Interval.

28
Q

Normal QT Interval.

A

Less than 0.44 seconds (less than approximately 2.5 large boxes).

29
Q

Represents depolarization of the atria (which hopefully leads to contraction of the atria).

A

P Wave

30
Q

Represents depolarization of the ventricles (which hopefully leads to ventricular contraction).

A

QRS Complex

31
Q

Represents repolarization of the ventricles.

A

T Wave

32
Q

T/F Repolarization of the atria is not seen on an EKG.

A

True. It either happens during the QRS Complex or the voltage is so little it does not show up.

33
Q

Represents absolute refractory period.

A

End of QRS Complex to the beginning of T Wave

34
Q

Represents relative refractory period.

A

Part of T Wave to beginning of new P Wave

35
Q

The period immediately following the firing of a nerve fiber where it cannot be stimulated no matter how great a stimulus is applied.

A

Absolute Refractory Period

36
Q

A stronger than normal stimulus is needed to elicit nueronal excitation.

A

Relative Refractory Period

37
Q

Cardiac pathway of electrical impulse.

A

Sinus Node - Internodal Pathways - AV Node - Bundle of His - Left and Right Bundle Branches - Purkinje Fibers

38
Q

Falls between the QRS Complex and T Wave.

A

ST Segment

39
Q

These, if present, are often confused with P Waves.

A

U Wave

40
Q

Thought to represent repolarization of the Purkinje fibers.

A

U Wave

41
Q

A slurred upstroke in the QRS complex often associated with a short PR Interval.

A

Delta Wave

Simmons NURP 502 Exam 2 (27 decks)

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