6) Matter

Question 1

What are the three states of matter?

Answer 1

solid
liquid
gas

Question 2

Matter has many different physical properties. Name 2 of them.

Answer 2

1. boiling point
2. melting point
3. density
4. solubility

Question 3

Define melting (the process)

Answer 3

A process in which a solid turns into a liquid.

Question 4

Define boiling (the process)

Answer 4

A process in which a liquid turns into a gas.

Question 5

Define evaporation (the process)

Answer 5

A process in which a liquid turns into a gas at any temperature.

Question 6

Define freezing (the process)

Answer 6

A process in which a liquid turns into a solid.

Question 7

Define condensation (the process)

Answer 7

A process in which a gas turns into a liquid.

Question 8

Which of the following state change processes gains heat?
(boiling, melting, freezing, condensation)

Answer 8

boiling and melting

Question 9

Which of the following state change processes loses heat?
(boiling, melting, freezing, condensation)

Answer 9

freezing and condensation

Question 10

Define density of a substance.

Answer 10

The density of a substance is the mass per unit volume in a matter.

Question 11

What is the unit for density?

Answer 11

g/cm3

Question 12

Explain why the marble sinks in water.

Hint: The marble is ____________ than water, so it sinks.

Answer 12

The marble is denser than water, so it sinks.

Question 13

Explain why the cork floats on water.

Hint: The cork is ____________ than water, so it floats.

Answer 13

The cork is less dense than water, so it floats.

Question 14

How is a mixture formed?

Answer 14

A mixture is formed when 2 or more substances are mixed.

Question 15

Name the two types of mixtures.

Answer 15

solution and
suspension

Question 16

There are 3 separation techniques to separate mixtures. Name the 3 techniques.

Answer 16

1. magnetic separation
2. filtration
3. evaporation to dryness

Question 17

Salt water is formed when salt dissolves in water.
State which substance (salt water, salt, water) is the solute, solvent and solution.

Answer 17

salt water (solution)
salt (solute)
water (solvent)

Question 18

How is a suspension formed?

Answer 18

A suspension is formed when a solid does not dissolve in a liquid.

Question 19

How does a solution appear?

Answer 19

A solution looks clear.

Question 20

How does a suspension appear?

Answer 20

A suspension looks cloudy.

Question 21

What happens to a beam of light shining at a solution?

Answer 21

The beam of light passes through a solution.

Question 22

What happens to a beam of light shining at a suspension?

Answer 22

The beam of light does not passes through a suspension.

Question 23

Define solubility of a solute.

Answer 23

The solubility of a solute is defined as the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a fixed temperature.

Question 24

What are the 3 factors that affect the solubility of a solute?

Answer 24

1. type of solute
2. type of solvent
3. temperature of solvent

Question 25

Define the rate of dissolving.

Answer 25

Rate of dissolving is a measure of how fast a solute can completely dissolve in a solvent.

Question 26

What are the 3 factors that affect the rate of dissolving?

Answer 26

1. temperature of solvent 2. surface area of solute (aka the size of the solute) 3. the presence of stirring

Question 27

How does an acid taste like?

Answer 27

sour

Question 28

How does an alkali taste like?

Answer 28

bitter

Question 29

What is a neutral solution?

Answer 29

A neutral solution is neither acidic nor alkaline.

Question 30

What happens to a red litmus paper when it is dipped in acid?

Answer 30

The red litmus paper remains red.

Question 31

What happens to a red litmus paper when it is dipped in alkali?

Answer 31

The red litmus paper turns blue.

Question 32

What happens to a red litmus paper when it is dipped in a neutral solution?

Answer 32

The red litmus paper remains red.

Question 33

What happens to a blue litmus paper when it is dipped in alkali?

Answer 33

The blue litmus paper remains blue.

Question 34

What happens to a blue litmus paper when it is dipped in a neutral solution?

Answer 34

The blue litmus paper remains blue.

Question 35

What happens to a blue litmus paper when it is dipped in acid?

Answer 35

The blue litmus paper turns red.

Question 36

What is the range of a pH scale?

Answer 36

0 - 14

Question 37

What is the range of pH for acidic solutions?

Answer 37

0-6

Question 38

What is the range of pH for alkaline solutions?

Answer 38

8-14

Question 39

What is the pH value of a neutral solution?

Answer 39

7

Question 40

Which separation technique is used to separate salt from salt water? (filtration, evaporation to dryness, magnetic separation)

Answer 40

evaporation to dryness

Question 41

Which separation technique is used to separate sand from sand water? (filtration, evaporation to dryness, magnetic separation)

Answer 41

filtration

Question 42

Which separation technique is used to separate iron from iron salt mixture? (filtration, evaporation to dryness, magnetic separation)

Answer 42

magnetic separation

Question 43

What are the names of the parts labelled A and B?

Answer 43

A: residue B: filtrate