Neprhology

Question 1

Hematuria diagnosis

Answer 1

> 5rbcs/hpf on centrifuged urine

Question 2

Significant hematuria

Answer 2

> 50rbc

Question 3

Normal urine specific gravity in pedia

Answer 3

1.015-1.025

Question 4

Documentation of S. pyogenes infection

Skin
Throat

Answer 4

Skin : antideoxyribonuclease B

Throat: ASO

Question 5

Progression into PSGN

Throat
Skin.

Answer 5

Throat : serotype 12, 1-2 weeks

Skin: serotype 49, 3-6 weeks

Question 6

3 entities that cause decreased c3?

Answer 6

1. PSGN
2. MPGN
3. Lupus NEphritis
4. Infective endocarditis
5. Shunt nephritis

Question 7

Indication for renal biopsy in APSGN?

Answer 7

1. Acute renal failure
2. Nephrotic syndrome
3. Absence of strep infection
4. Normal complement
5. Hematuria and proteinuria
6. Low c3 that persists after 2 months.

Question 8

Alport syndrome

Answer 8

1. Bilateral sensorineural hearing loss
2. Ocular abnormalites: anterior lenticonus
3. Family history of alport.

Question 9

Causes of transient proteinuria

Answer 9

1. Fever
2. Exercise
3. Dehydration
4. Cold exposure
5. Congestive heart failure
6. Seizure
7. Stress.

Question 10

UTI

Males more common when

Females more common when?

Answer 10

1. First year of life

2. >2.

Question 11

Presumptive UTI diagnosis

Answer 11

Postive urinalysis, culture >100,000

Question 12

UTI diagnosis

Answer 12

> 50000 colonies of single pathogen from bag or catheter

> 10,000 colonies + symptom

Question 13

HUS what?

Answer 13

1. Renal failure
2. Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
3. Thrombocytopenia

Question 14

Lab diagnosis for HUS

Answer 14

1. Anemia with schistocytes, burr cells, helmet cells.

2. Renal injury: creatine >1mg/dl in <13, >1.5 > 13 or equal or >50%increase over baseline

Question 15

Probable case of HUs

Answer 15

1. With lab criteria with no clear history of acute or bloody diarrhea in the 3 preceding weeks
2. Acute illness diagnosed as HUS or TTP
   A. Has onset within 3 weeks of an acute or bloody diarrhea and
   B. Meets the lab criteria except microangiopathic changes are not confirmed

Question 16

Confirmed case of HUS

Answer 16

1. Acute illness diagnosed as HUS or TTP that both meet the laboratory criteria and began within 3 weeks after onset of an episode of acute bloody diarrhea.