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Gross Anatomy 2 > Final Exam: Brain Anatomy > Flashcards

Final Exam: Brain Anatomy Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Part of brain that contains neuron cell bodies

A

Grey matter

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2
Q

Cell bodies inside CNS

A

Nuclei

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3
Q

Cell bodies outside CNS

A

Ganglion

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4
Q

Grey matter is located on the inside/outside of the brain

A

outside

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5
Q

Grey matter is located on the inside/outside of SC

A

Inside

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6
Q

Part of brain containing axons and supporting cells

A

white matter

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7
Q

3 basic anatomical regions of the brain?

A
  1. cerebrum
  2. cerebellum
  3. brainstem
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8
Q

2 hemispheres of the cerebrum?

A

Right and left hemisphere

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9
Q

how do the right and left hemisphere of the cerebrum communicate?

A

Corpus callosum (CC)

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10
Q

What are the 2 types of convolutions of the cerebrum

A
  1. gyri

2. sulci

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11
Q

elevated folds of he concolutions of the cerebrum

A

gyri

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12
Q

depressed grooves of the cerebrum

A

sulci

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13
Q

Cerebral cortex is made up of grey/white matter.

A

grey

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14
Q

What is the job of the cerebrum?

A

conscious perception of sensory input and initiation of conscious movement

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15
Q

T/F. Reflex pathways to sensory input must relay through the cortex.

A

F. does not

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16
Q

What are the 3 general regions of the cerebrum

A
  1. internal capsule
  2. cerebral cortex
  3. Basal nuclei
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17
Q

region of the cerebrum that is the projection of tracts from the brain stem to the cerebrum

A

internal capsule

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18
Q

is the internal capsule of the cerebrum grey or white matter

A

white

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19
Q

outer layer of gray matter of the cerebrum?

A

cerebral cortex

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20
Q

What are the 3 areas of the cerebral cortex?

A
  1. sensory fields
  2. motor areas
  3. association areas
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21
Q

What are the sensory fields of the cerebral cortex?

A

conscious perception of stimuli

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22
Q

What is the function of motor areas of the cerebral cortex?

A

voluntary movement of skeletal m.

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23
Q

What is the function of association areas of the cerebral cortex?

A

integration of sensory info and planning of voluntary movement, memory, reasoning, judgement, emotion

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24
Q

What is the basal nuclei of the cerebrum?

A

inner layer of grey matter

regulation of movement

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25
5 cortical lobes of each cerebral hemisphere?
1. occipital 2. parietal 3. frontal 4. temporal 5. piriform
26
lobe of the cerebral hemishpere for conscious perception of visual info.
occipital lobe
27
lesions associated with the visual cortex of the occiptial lobe may produce _____
cortical blindness
28
What is contained in the parietallobe of the cerebrum
somatosensory cotex
29
What is the function of the somatosensory cotex?
conscious proprioception and sensory input form skin
30
lesions of the parietal lobe can cause:
1. hemineglect 2. postural reactions 3. spacial perception deficits
31
What lobe of the cerebrum is responsible for initiating voluntary motor functions
frontal lobe
32
What is the function of the frontal lobe of the cerebrum?
1. voluntary motor functions | 2. memory and behavior
33
what is contained int he frontal lobe of the cerebrum?
sensorimotor cortex
34
Lesions of the frontal lobe:
1. delay of movement 2. changes in behavior 3. contralateral C/S
35
What is contained in the temporal lobe of the cerbrum?
Auditory cortex
36
what is the function of the auditory cortex of the temporal lobe?
perception and interpretation of auditory info
37
What is the function of the piriform lobe of the cerebrum?
perception of olfactory info
38
Piriform lobe has strong connections to the _______ system
limbic
39
What is the function of the limbic system
autonomic and emotional reflexes and responses
40
What is the function of the cerebellum
coordination and fine tuning of movements
41
The cerebellum communicates with other parts of the CNS via nerve tracts called the ______.
cerebellar peduncles (CP)
42
What remains after the cerebellum and cerebrum have been removed:
brain stem
43
What are the 7 parts of the brain stem?
1. thalamus 2. hypothalamus 3. optic tracts 4. epithalamus 5. corpora quadrigemina 6. pons 7. medulla oblongata
44
Relay center for all afferent (sensory) information except smell
thalamus
45
essential in maintenance of homeostasis, has direct connection to the pituitary gland
hypothalamus
46
melatonin secretion, circadian rhythns, estrus
epithalamus (pineal gland)
47
What are the 2 parts of the corpora quadrigemina
1. rostral colliculus (visual reflexes) | 2. caudal colliculus (auditory reflexes)
48
Fibers of the ____ for the cerebellar beduncle
pons
49
junction b/t the brain and spinal cord
medulla oblongata
50
Group of structures that function in emotional and survival drives. (ring around brainstem?
limbic system
51
The 4 F's of the limbic system:
1. Fighting 2. Feeding 3. fleeing 4. fornicating
52
What is the functions of the thalamus (Th)?
conscious sensory input, minus olfaction, relayed through Th before reaching cerebral cortexx
53
Wakes up the cerebral cortex
Reticular activating system of the Thalamus (RAS)
54
Blood supply of the spinal cord:
1. ventral spinal a. | 2. Dorsal spinal a.
55
main 2 aa. of the brain
1. basilar a. | 2. cerebral a. circle (from internal carotid)
56
modification of the collateral suply to the cerebral arterial circle, supplied by br. of the maxillary a. and basilar a.
rete mirabile
57
What are the ventricles of the brain?
1. lateral ventricles (1 and 2) 2. third ventricle 3. fourthe ventricle 4. central canal of SC
58
What are the 3 meninges of the brain?
1. dura 2. arachnoid 3. pia
59
Which meninges of the brain contains CSF?
arachnoid
60
Which menige of the brain is adhered closely to CNS
Pia
61
Which meninge of the brain is immediately adjacent to the periosteum of the inside of the skull
Dura
62
Where the two dural lyers separate briefly
Dural reflections
63
What are the two dural reflections?
1. falx cerebri | 2. Tentorium cerebelli
64
Dural reflection b/t the two cerebral hemispheres
falx cerebri
65
Transverse dural reflection b/t cerebrum and cerebellum
Tentorium cerebelli
66
Dural reflections are formed where the 2 dural layers separate. space b/t is called ____
sinus
67
What is the importance of the sinuses between dural reflections?
reabsorption of CSF and venous blood
68
What are the 3 sinuses of the brain?
``` dorsal sagittal sinus (falx cerebri) transverse sinus (tentorium cerebelli) dural sinuses ```
69
innermost meningeal layer, intimately follows the brain's gyri and sulci, the region of CSF production
Pia Mater
70
Located b/t the cerebellum and brain stem, can be used for CSF collection
Cerebellomedullary cistern
71
T/F the spinal meninges is comprised of the same 3 layers
T
72
Narrowing of the spinal column at the caudal aspect
conus medularis
73
Where the spinal cord no longer exists and there are only individual nerves withing the spinal canal
cauda equina

Gross Anatomy 2 (27 decks)

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