Ludwig van Beethoven Style and Contributions

Question 1

How planned was Beethoven’s works?

Answer 1

meticulously revised work in sketchbooks

Question 2

What were Beethoven’s thematic materials like?

Answer 2

grows out of short, incisive motives

Question 3

Which Classical genres did Beethoven develop and expand?

Answer 3

sonata, concerto, symphony

Question 4

What did Beethoven do with the Menuet and Trio?

Answer 4

replaced with Scherzo and Trio in Symphony No. 5

Question 5

What <b>non</b> Classical element did Beethoven include?

Answer 5

programmatic elements in Symphony No. 6

Question 6

What unifying element did Beethoven employ?

Answer 6

cyclical structure in Symphony No. 5

Question 7

What non instruments did Beethoven include in the symphony?

Answer 7

chorus and soloists in Symphony No. 9

Question 8

What dramatic elements did Beethoven include?

Answer 8

explosive accents,

extreme dynamic contrasts

Question 9

What new instruments did Beethoven include?

Answer 9

piccolo, trombone, and contrabassoon

Question 10

What new <b>piano</b> features did Beethoven exploit?

Answer 10

expanded range

Question 11

How is Beethoven’s style divided?

Answer 11

in 3 periods

Question 12

What were Beethoven’s style periods?

Answer 12

<b>Early Period,
Middle Period,
Late Period</b>

Question 13

When was Beethoven’s <b>Early Period</b>?

Answer 13

1782 - 1802

Question 14

What era of style did Beethoven absorb in his <b>Early Period</b>?

Answer 14

Classical-style inherited from Haydn and Mozart (ex sonata form)

Question 15

How was <i>Sturm und Drang</i> evident in Beethoven’s <b>Early Period</b>?

Answer 15

preferred minor keys (especially C minor),

use of <i>tremolo</i>,

abrupt contrasts

Question 16

What are representative works of Beethoven’s <b>Early Period</b>?

Answer 16

six string quartets, op. 18

symphonies nos. 1 and 2

first 10 piano sonatas (opp. 2-14)

Question 17

When was Beethoven’s <b>Middle Period</b>?

Answer 17

1803 - 1815

Question 18

Which era of of style did Beethoven absorb during his <b>Middle Period</b>?

Answer 18

more Romantic elements,

increased chromaticism,
abrupt and unusual modulations

Question 19

What was the character of Beethoven’s <b>Middle Period</b> like?

Answer 19

epic and heroic

Question 20

What are representative works of Beethoven’s <b>Middle Period</b>?

Answer 20

<i>Fidelio</i> (opera),

Violin Concerto,

symphonies nos. 3-8,

Piano Concerto No. 5 “Emperor”

Question 21

When was Beethoven’s <b>Late Period</b>?

Answer 21

1815 - 1827

Question 22

How did Beethoven’s style tone down in his <b>Late Period</b>?

Answer 22

more abstract and meditative

Question 23

What non-Classical elements did Beethoven employ in his <b>Late Period</b>?

Answer 23

counterpoint, fugal writing

Question 24

What experimentation did Beethoven do in his <b>Late Period</b>?

Answer 24

added SATB soloists and chorus to final movement of Symphony No. 9

Question 25

What are representative works of Beethoven’s <b>Late Period</b>?

Answer 25

piano sonatas, opp.109, 110, 111,

<i>Missa solemnis</i>

Symphony No. 9 “Choral”