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KB - Neuroanatomy > Anatomy - Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Anatomy - Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the trigeminal nerve arise?

A

Lateral aspect of the pons

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2
Q

How does CN V1 enter cranial fossa?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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3
Q

How does CN V2 enter cranial fossa?

A

Foramen rotundum

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4
Q

How does CN V3 enter/exit cranial fossa?

A

Foramen ovale

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5
Q

What division of the trigeminal nerve is motor and sensory (as opposed to just sensory)?

A

CN V3

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6
Q

Describe the extra cranial course of the trigeminal nerve?

A

sensory: axons from all 3 divisions course, from the superficial and deep structures of the face, posteriorly, towards their respective base of skull foraminae
motor: axons from CNV3 course from the foramen ovale towards the skeletal muscle they supply

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7
Q

What cranial nerve supplies the purple area?

A

CN V1

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8
Q

What cranial nerve supplies the light blue area?

A

CN V2

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9
Q

What cranial nerve supplies the pink area?

A

CN V3

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10
Q

What deep structures does CN V1 supply (sensory)?

A
  • bones & soft tissues of the orbit (except the orbital floor & lower eyelid)
  • the upper anterior nasal cavity
  • all paranasal sinuses (except the antrum)
  • the anterior & posterior cranial fossae
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11
Q

What deep structures does CN V2 supply? (sensory)

A

the lower posterior nasal cavity

the maxilla and antrum

the floor of the nasal cavity/palate

the maxillary teeth and associated soft tissues (gingivae and mucosae)

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12
Q

What deep structures does CN V3 supply (sensory)?

A

the buccal mucosa

the mandibular teeth and assoc soft tissues

the mandible

the middle cranial fossa

the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue

the floor of the mouth

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13
Q

What muscles does CNV3 supply?

A

masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid (only pair of jaw opening muscles)

tensor tympani

tensor veli palatini

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14
Q

How does the facial nerve connect to the CNS?

A

At the pontomedullary junction

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15
Q

Describe the intracranial part of the facial nerve’s course?

A

Courses directly into internal acoustic meatus in posterior cranial fossa

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16
Q

How does the facial nerve enter/exit the cranial cavity?

A

Internal acoustic meatus then stylomastoid foramen

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17
Q

What does the chorda tympani supply?

A

Taste buds of the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue

Parasympathetic supply to submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

18
Q

What is the chorda tympani a branch of?

A

CN VII

19
Q

What muscles does the facial nerve supply?

A

muscles of facial expression (frontalis, orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris, elevators of lips)

20
Q

Where does the glossopharyngeal nerve arise?

A
21
Q

Where does the glossopharyngeal enter/exit the cranial fossa?

A

Jugular foramen

22
Q

Where does the glossopharyngeal nerve supply special sensory axons to?

A

posterior 1/3rd of tongue

23
Q

What cranial nerve supplies parasympathetics to the parotid salivary gland?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

24
Q

Where does the glossopharyngeal nerve supply with visceral afferent axons?

A

carotid sinus baroreceptors

carotid body chemoreceptors

25
Q

What cranial nerve supplies the stylopharyngeus muscle in the pharynx?

A

glossopharyngeal

26
Q

Where does the glossopharyngeal nerve supply general sensation to?

A

posterior 1/3rd of tongue

mucosa of oropharynx, most of nasopharynx and some of laryngopharynx

palantine tonsil

eustachian tube

middle ear cavity

27
Q

How does the vagus nerve travel in the neck?

A

In the carotid sheath

with internal carotid vein, common carotid artery and deep cervical lymph nodes

28
Q

How do the vagus nerves travel in the chest?

A

R - lateral aspect of trachea, posterior to hilum of lung, passes through diaphragm with oesophagus

L - lateral aspect of aortic arch, crosses arch of aorta and posterior to hilum of lunch and passes through diaphragm with oesophagus

29
Q

How do the vagus nerves travel in the abdomen?

A

both pass onto surface of stomach

pancreatic, splenic, midgut, renal, foregut branches

last parasympathetic axons pass to the splenic flexure

30
Q

How do the spinal accessory nerves connect with the CNS?

A

via cervical spinal nerve anterior rootlets to the spinal cord

31
Q

Describe the extracranial part of the spinal accessory’s course.

A

Axons supply sternocleidomastoid on deep surface

Continue across posterior triangle of neck deep and supply trapezius

32
Q

How does CN XI enter/exit cranial cavity?

A

foramen magnum

33
Q

How would you test CN II?

A

light reflexes

visual fields

snellen chart

34
Q

how would you test CN III?

A

extraocular eye movements (except down and in - trochlear)

35
Q

How would you test CN IV?

A

extraocular eye movement down and in

36
Q

How would you test CN V1,2,3?

A

facial sensations

power of muscles of mastication

37
Q

How would you test CN VI?

A

extraocular eye movement - lateral gaze

38
Q

How would you test CN VII?

A

power of muscles of facial expression

39
Q

How would you tesct CN VIII?

A

Rhinne’s and Webers

40
Q

How would you test CN X?

A

Elevation of soft palate; normal swallow and speech

41
Q

How would you test CN XI?

A

turning of head and shrugging of shoulders

42
Q

How would you test CN XII?

A

protrusion of tongue

KB - Neuroanatomy (5 decks)

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