Membrane and Action Potentials

Question 1

voltage difference between the inside and outside of a cell

Answer 1

membrane potential

Question 2

what principle is behind this idea: positive ions always want to go inside

Answer 2

force of attraction

Question 3

steady transmembrane potential of a cell that is not producing an electrical signal; no movement of ions

Answer 3

resting membrane potential

Question 4

requirement for establishing the RMP

Answer 4

1. Relative permeability of the cell membrane, 2. Presence of a gradient

Question 5

the ability of potassium to go out because of concentration gradient

Answer 5

diffusion potential

Question 6

force needed to cancel out a concentration gradient

Answer 6

Nernst potential

Question 7

decreases the membrane potential

Answer 7

excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)

Question 8

imcreases the membrane potential (hyperpolarizing)

Answer 8

inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP)

Question 9

no matter how strong the stimulus applied to an excitable cell, the cell cannot be excited

Answer 9

absoulte refractory period

Question 10

with a stronger than usual stimulus, another action potential can be elicited

Answer 10

relative refractory period

Question 11

when this is reached, an acrtion potential is generated

Answer 11

threshold potential

Question 12

T or F: Subthreshold potential is directly proportional to the strength of the stimulus

Answer 12

T

Question 13

produce deepened response by converging information from several sources into one particular responsive cell

Answer 13

convergence

Question 14

one source of excitable cell to stimulate several other excitable cells

Answer 14

divergence

Question 15

made up of ligand gate and the inactivation gate

Answer 15

sodium channel

Question 16

3 stages of existence

Answer 16

closed (resting), open (active), inactive

Question 17

when the sodium channel is closed

Answer 17

ligand gate: closed | inactivation gate: open

Question 18

when the sodium channel is open

Answer 18

ligand gate: open | inactivation gate: open

Question 19

when the sodium channel is inactive

Answer 19

ligand gate: open | inactivation gate: closed

Question 20

T or F: (-) charges in the cell pushes the inactivation gate to close or activate

Answer 20

F, POSITIVE charges in the cell pushes the inactivation gate to close or activate

Question 21

T or F: When the sodium channel is inactive, Na cannot enter

Answer 21

T