6.2

Question 1

Why does analyzing police use of force matter?

Answer 1

• police have powers that regular citizens don’t have
• How we are treated by police and what we expect to happen when our rights are violated reflects the success of our democratic society

Question 2

Why do police officers use force?

Answer 2

1) to protect themselves
2) to protect others
3) to prevent an offense from occuring

Question 3

How is the use of force regulated in Canada?

Answer 3

Force is allowed if the officer acted on reasonable grounds and used the necessary amount of force for that purpose.

Force is justified if it is necessary for self-preservation or preservation of anyone under that person’s protection from death or grievous bodily harm.

Question 4

What is the typical guideline in regard to the use of force?

Answer 4

The guideline is to choose the option that represents the minimum amount of force to reduce the immediate threat

Question 5

The national use of force model

Answer 5

• model that helps officers know what actions to take so that their actions are measured and using the appropriate level of force
• does not justify an officers actions

Question 6

Situation Analysis

Answer 6

An officer must do three things:

1) Assess
2) Plan
3) Act

Question 7

Assess

Answer 7

The officer must consider all elements of the situation:
- nature of the call
- Suspects involved
- If they have backup
- Location, terrain
- Weather conditions

Question 8

Plan

Answer 8

The officer must formulate an action plan, considering all elements of the situation and knowing that all scenarios are constantly changing.
- Contingency plans are necessary because every action has a reaction

Question 9

Act

Answer 9

Once on scene the officer must put their plan into action

Question 10

Subject Behaviour

Answer 10

Are they….
1) cooperative
2) passive resistance (don’t hinder, dont’ help)
3) active resistance (pulling away)
4) Assaultive (sticking officers, verbal assault)
5) Grievous Bodily Harm (deadly weapon, attacking to kill)

Question 11

Response Options

Answer 11

1) Officer presence
2) Communiction
3) Physical Control
4) Intermediate weapons
5) Lethal force

Question 12

Tactical and Perceptual considerations

Answer 12

• two officers may react differently due to their different personal triats or agency policies
• Each officers perception will impact their ability to assess, plan and act

Question 13

Factors that impact decision making

Answer 13

• Implicit biases
• Perceptual distoritions due to high stress (tunnel vision, memory loss, hearing loss)
• Unfamiliar environment
• Fear
• Fatigue

Question 14

Saanich Police 2004 case

Answer 14

• Police respond to man in crisis, who tries to set apartment on fire
• Man flees police
• Three officers chase him, asking him to stop
• Man grabs 2 metal objects from his car and charges at the officers
• Camaso shoots him 3 times

Question 15

Colten Bushie case

Answer 15

• 22-year-old Cree man enters Stanley’s property with a flat tire
• Boushie and friends are drunk and try to steal ATV
• Stanley’s son smashes their car widow with hammer
• Stanley shot Bushie in neck killing him
• Stanley not charged with 2nd degree murder