Chapter 1+2

Question 1

Mental Disorder (5 ways defined)

Answer 1

1. Deviation from social expectations
2. What mental health professionals treat
3. A label for disliked actions
4. Subjective distress and/or
5. A dysfunction that causes harm

Question 2

Prevalence

Answer 2

The total number of people who suffer from a disorder in a specific population

Question 3

Incidence

Answer 3

The number of people who develop a disorder in a specific time period (usually previous 6 or 12 months)

Question 4

MAPS

Answer 4

Four guiding principles to show the limitations of the DSM
M=Medical Myths (urging of medicine for everything)
A=Attempted Answers (Diagnosis could be wrong, lots of similar symptoms)
P=Prejudicial Pigeonholes (Historical context)
S=Superficial Syndromes (diagnosis made on observable features)

Question 5

Assessment

Answer 5

Collecting information to make an informed decision. Three steps: first athering assessment information, then organizing/processing information into a description or understanding, finally compare the description with what is known about various disorders (guided by nosology)

Question 6

Diagnosis

Answer 6

Classification of mental disorders by determining which of several possible descriptions best fits the nature of the problems.

Question 7

Nosology

Answer 7

Classification system containing categories of disorders and rules for categorizing disorders depending on observable signs/symptoms

Question 8

Reliability

Answer 8

Consistency or agreement among assessment data. Includes test-retest reliability. Includes test-retest, internal and interrater reliability.

Question 9

Validity

Answer 9

Degree to which an assessment instrument measures what it is supposed to measure, thereby providing an estimate of accuracy or meaning. Types include Content Validity (extent to which a tool measures all aspects of the domain it is supposed to), Construct Validity (when results coincide with what a theory about some construct would predict.

Question 10

Correlation Coefficient

Answer 10

Number that quantifies the size of relationship between two variables, noted by the symbol r, rating from -1.0 to 1.0

Question 11

Sensitivity

Answer 11

Probability that a person with a mental disorder is diagnosed as having a disorder. True Positive

Question 12

Specificity

Answer 12

Probability that a person without any mental disorder will be diagnosed as having no disorder. True Negative

Question 13

False positive

Answer 13

Clinician concludes that the person suffers a mental disorder when none is present

Question 14

False negative

Answer 14

Clinician diagnosis no mental disorder when the person actually has one

Question 15

Life records

Answer 15

Documents associated with important events and milestones in a person’s life, such as school grades, court records, police resports, medical histories

Question 16

Structured Interview

Answer 16

Which interviewer asks question in a predetermines sequence so that the procedure is essentially the same from one interview to another

Question 17

Mental Status Examination (MSE)

Answer 17

Type of structured interview which is a brief, specialized and forces interview designed to assess a person’s memory, mood, orientation, thinking and concentration.

Question 18

Social HIstory

Answer 18

Obtained as part of clinical interviews, it includes assessment of educational achievements, occupational positions, family history, marital status, physical health, and prior contacts with mental health professionals.

Question 19

Psychological Test

Answer 19

Systematic procedure for observing and describing a person’s behavior in a standardized situation

Question 20

Aptitude test

Answer 20

measures accumulated effects of educational training or training experiences that attempts to forecast future performance (SAT ex.)

Question 21

Achievement Tests

Answer 21

Measure of how much a person has learned about a specific area. (WRAT-3 ex)

Question 22

Attitude Interest test

Answer 22

Measure range and strength of person’s interest, attitude, preferences, values

Question 23

Intelligence test

Answer 23

General mental ability

Question 24

Neuropsychological test

Answer 24

Measures deficit in behavior, cognition, emotion that correlates with dysfunction/damage to the brain

Question 25

Projective test

Answer 25

personality test to respond to things like ink blots, projecting meaning

Question 26

Objective test

Answer 26

Personality test requires answers or ratings to statements and questions