Chapter 8 Flashcards
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Recurrent obsessions or compulsions that are serious enough to adversely affect a person’s life.
Obsessions
Unwanted, disturbing, often irrational thoughts, feelings, or images that people cannot get out of their minds.
Four dimensions of OCD
- (30%) obsessions associated with aggressive, sexual, and /or religious forbidden thoughts
- (13.8%) symmetry, ordering
- (10.2%) contamination
- (8.5%) hoarding
Compulsions
repetitive, nearly irresistible acts that temporarily relieve the anxiety derived from obsessions
Tourette’s Disorder
Disorder characterized by both repetitive vocal tics or vocalizations and motor acts and tics
Coprolalia
Involuntary shouting or repeating of words
Hoarding disorder
Persistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions, regardless of their actual value, leading to severe cluttering of their personal living spaces
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD)
Individuals are preoccupied with one or more perceived defects in their physical appearance and perform repetitive behaviors or mental acts in response to these appearance-related concerns.
Trichotillomania (TTM)
Recurrent pulling out of one’s hair, resultin in distress and hair loss, along with repeated attempts to decrease or stop the pulling
Excoriation disorder (SPD)
Recurrent skin picking, resulting in distress and skin lesions, with repeated attempts to decrease or stop the picking.
OCD Disorders Causes
Genetics:
found in relatives, 32%-58% genetically related, glutamate transporter gene.
Neurobiological:
Glutamate also gamma-aminobutryic acid. Gultamate hypothesis, serotonin hypothesis. Basal ganglia and GABA with glutamate.
Cognitive-Behavioral:
Obsessivity/ thinking occur during times of high stress
Social:
PTSD, parenting and life effects play a role.
Treatment for OCD
Drug:
Clomipramine (Anafranil)
CBT:
exposure, response prevention
