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Psychology > The Brain > Flashcards

The Brain Flashcards

1
Q

Describe some tools scientist use to explore the brain/mind connection

A

Tools of discovery

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2
Q

Brain structures determine our

A

Abilities

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3
Q

Damage to one side of the brain often causes paralysis on the bodies _______ side

A

Opposite

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4
Q

Others linked vision problems with damage to the ______ of the brain

A

Back

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5
Q

Speech problems with damage to the

A

Left front brain

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6
Q

Larger electrodes attached to the scalp to ease drop on the chatter about billions of neurons is a

A

EEG (electroencephalograph)

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7
Q

Tracks the brains favorite food, sugar glucose. PET scan’s hotspot show which brain areas are most active as a person sells math problems, looks at images of faces, or daydreams.

A

PET (positron emission tomography)

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8
Q

Scans capture images of brain structures by briefly disrupting activity in brain molecules.

A

MRI (magnetic resonance imaging

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9
Q

Tracks excessive images of brain tissue to show brain function

A

fMRI scan

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10
Q

Traxxas radioactive glucose to reveal brain activity

A

PET scan

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11
Q

Uses magnetic field and radio waves to show brain anatomy

A

MRI scan

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12
Q

A special application of MRI also reveals the brain functions.

A

fMRI

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13
Q

The brains oldest and innermost region is the _____. It begins where the spinal cord swells slightly after entering the skull.

A

Brainstem

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14
Q

This Slight swelling is the

A

Medulla

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15
Q

The _____, including the medulla and pons, is an extension of your spinal cord. The ___ is attached to its top. The reticular formation passes through both structures

A

Brainstem, thalamus

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16
Q

Just above the medulla sits the ____ , A brainstem area that helps coordinate movements. Helps relay messages between the cerebellum and the cortex to help coordinate movement

A

Pons

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17
Q

The ____ brain controls the ____ side of the body, and vice versa

A

Right, left

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18
Q

___ is one of the brains many surprises

A

Cross wiring

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19
Q

Sitting at the top of the brainstem is the

A

Thalamus

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20
Q

This joined pair of egg shaped structures acts as the brain’s sensory control center.

A

Thalamus

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21
Q

The Thalamus receives information from all your senses except ____.

A

Smell

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22
Q

Inside of the brainstem, between your ears, lies your _____. This neuron network extends upward from your spinal cord, through your brain stem, and into your thalamus helps control arousal

A

Reticular (“netlike”) formation.

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23
Q

At the rear of the brainstem is the ____ meaning “little brain”, which is what it’s too wrinkled has resemble. This baseball sized structure plays in important role in a lot that happens just outside your awareness. Voluntary movements.

A

Cerebellum

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24
Q

Helps process and store memories for things we cannot consciously recall, such as how we ride a bicycle. If you injure or Drug this with alcohol, you will have trouble walking, keeping your balance, or shaking hands. Movement and balance

A

Cerebellum

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25
Q

In what brain region would damage be most likely to… Disrupt your ability to skip rope?

A

Cerebellum

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26
Q

In what brain region would damage be most likely to… Disrupt your ability to hear and taste? Relays messages between lower brain centers and cerebral cortex

A

Thalamus

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27
Q

what brain region would damage be most likely to… Perhaps leave you in a coma?

A

Reticular formation

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28
Q

In what brain region would damage be most likely to… Cut off the very breath and heart beat of life? Controls heartbeat and breathing

A

Medulla

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29
Q

The two halves of the brain

A

Cerebral hemispheres

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30
Q

Between the oldest and newest brain areas Lies the ____

A

Limbic system

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31
Q

Limbic system contains the ____, the ____, and the ____

A

Amygdala, hypothalamus, hippocampus

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32
Q

The _____ processes conscious memories.

A

Hippocampus

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33
Q

Animals or humans who lose their _____ to surgery also lose their ability to form new memories of facts and events. Linked to memory

A

Hippocampus

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34
Q

To lima beans sized neural clusters, enable aggression and fear. Linked to emotion

A

Amygdala

35
Q

This long structure acts as a filter for some of the sensory messages traveling from the spinal cord to your thalamus relaying important information and controlling arousal

A

Reticular formation

36
Q

Electrical stimulation of a cat Amygdala provokes angry reactions, suggesting the amygdala’s role in aggression. Which ANS division is activated by such stimulation?

A

Sympathetic nervous system

37
Q

Just below your thalamus is your _____. And important link in the chain of command for bodily maintenance. Some neural clusters in the ____ influence hunger. Others regulate thirst, body temperature, and sexual behavior. Going to be motion and award

A

Hypothalamus

38
Q

The brains information processing center

A

Cerebral cortex

39
Q

The ___ influences the endocrine system, which in turn influences the ____

A

Brain

40
Q

Master endocrine gland

A

Pituitary

41
Q

Helps coordinate movement

A

Pons

42
Q

Pathway for neural fibers traveling to and from the brain, control simple reflexes

A

Spinal cord

43
Q

What are the three key structures of the limbic system, and what function do they serve?

A

The Amygdala is involved in aggression and Fear responses. The hypothalamus is involved in bodily maintenance, pleasurable rewards and control of the hormonal systems. The hippo campus processes of memory.

44
Q

This contributes 85% of the brains of a weight. A thin surface layerof interconnected neurons. It’s newer neural networks form specialized work teams that enable your thinking, sensing, and speaking. Your brains thinking the crown.

A

Cerebral cortex

45
Q

The cerebral cortex contains some ____ and _____

A

20 to 23 billion nerve cells and 300 trillion synaptic connections

46
Q

What are the four lobes of the cerebral cortex and where are they located?

A

The frontal lobe’s lie directly behind your forehead. As you move your hands over the top of your head, toward the rear, you’re sliding over your parietal lobes. Towards the back of your head are the Occipital Lobes. The sides of your head just above each ear are your Temporal lobe’s.

47
Q

Left hemisphere section controls the bodies right side

A

Motor cortex

48
Q

Left hemisphere section it receives input from the bodies right side

A

Somatosensory cortex

49
Q

Your brain devotes more tissue to sensitive areas and to areas requiring precise control. Thus, your ______ occupy more or cortex space than does your upper arm.

A

Fingers

50
Q

Electrically stimulating the ____ can cause body parts to move

A

Motor cortex

51
Q

Try moving your right hand in a circular motion, as if polishing a car. Then start your right foot doing the same motion as your hand. Now reverse the right foots motion but not the hands. Finally, try moving the left foot opposite to the right hand. Why is reversing the right foots motion so hard? Why is it easier to move the left foot opposite to the right hand?

A
  1. the right limbs activities interfere with each other because both are controlled by the same left side of your brain.
  2. Opposite sides of your brain control your left and right limbs, so the reverse motion causes less interference
52
Q

This part of the cortex receives incoming messages from our senses of touch and movement. This runs parallel to the motor cortex and just behind it at the front of the Parietal lobes

A

Somatosensory cortex

53
Q

The ____ of your Occipital Lobes at the rear of your brain receives input from your eyes. The ___, in your Temporal lobe’s, above your ears, receives information from your ears.

A

Visual cortex, auditory cortex

54
Q

People with schizophrenia sometimes have auditory

A

Hallucinations

55
Q

Our brains ____ cortex registers and processes body touch and movement sensations. The _____ cortex controls our voluntary movements

A

Somatosensory, motor

56
Q

In these _____, neurons are busy with higher mental functions, many of the tasks that makes us human. Reading concepts together to form new ideas

A

Association areas

57
Q

One of the hardest of weeds in the garden of psychology - Donald McBurney

A

Association area functions

58
Q

_____ can also alter personality and remove a person’s invitation

A

Frontal lobe damage

59
Q

If a stroke or head injury destroyed part of your ___ x. You might lose mathematical and spatial reasoning

A

Parietal Lobes

60
Q

If the damage area was on the underside of the right ___ x you would still be able to describe facial features and recognize gender, but you would be unable to identify the person

A

Right temporal lobe

61
Q

Although the brain often attend self repair by re-organizing existing tissue, it sometimes tries to mend itself by producing new neurons. This process is known as ____p

A

Neurogenesis

62
Q

Language processing seems to reside mostly in your _____ hemisphere. ____ Hemisphere accidents, strokes, and tumors could leave you unable to read, write, speak and understand others.

A

Left

63
Q

The wideband of axon fibers connecting the two hemispheres and carrying messages between them

A

Corpus callosum

64
Q
  1. if we flash a red light to the right hemisphere of a person with a split brain, and flash a green light to the left hemisphere, will each observe its own color?
  2. Will the person to be aware that the colors differ?
  3. What will the person verbally report seeing?
A
  1. Yes
  2. No
  3. Green
65
Q

The limbic system is involved in

A

Motivation , emotion, learning, memory

66
Q

One side of the brain controls the other

A

Contralateral processing

67
Q

Contains visual cortex, this is a map of the visual world as it comes for the eyes

A

Occipital lobe

68
Q

Areas involved in auditory processing, this sounds that we here. Also speech.

A

Temporal lobe

69
Q

Assessors information about touch in the area called the somatosensory cortex

A

Parietal lobe

70
Q

Speech and movement, contains motor cortex. The process is what makes us human, planning, executive control, judgment

A

Frontal lobe

71
Q

Our reflexes are governed by the

A

Spinal cord

72
Q

The ____ is the place where most of nerves connected to the brain connects with the opposite side of the body

A

Brainstem

73
Q

Following a horrible injury to the ____ of his brain, Phineas suffered from irritability and other distinct personality changes

A

Frontal lobe’s

74
Q

If a researcher electrically stimulate the ____ in an animal, the animal immediately wake up and be alert

A

The Reticular Formation

75
Q

The successful functioning of children who have experienced The surgical removal of an entire cerebral hemisphere best illustrates the value of

A

Plasticity

76
Q

To monitor the electrical activity in the brain that is triggered by hearing one’s own name, Researchers would make use of a ____

A

EEG

77
Q

Researchers who are interested in measuring both the structure and function of the brain will use

A

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri)

78
Q

Active neurons require ____ the way a car requires fuel

A

Glucose

79
Q

If a cats _____ is severed from the brains Higher regions, it will stop engaging in purposefully climbing and eating, though it can still move

A

Brain stem

80
Q

The ____ hemisphere is good at making quick, exact interpretations of language

A

Left

81
Q

But the ____ hemisphere excels in high-level language processing

A

Right

82
Q

The ___ Side of the brain is better than the left A topping drawings, recognizing faces, noticing differences, perceiving emotion, and expressing emotion through the more expensive the left side of the face

A

Right

83
Q

_____. Damage can greatly disrupts the ability to recognize faces, notice differences, pursue the motion, and express emotion

A

Right hemisphere damage

Psychology (14 decks)

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