Chapter 4 (Ch.5 for class lecture) Flashcards
What is environmental sustainability?
The state in which demands placed upon the environment by people and commerce can be met without reducing the capacity of the environment to provide for future generations.
What is a life cycle assessment?
An evaluation of the environmental aspects of a product or service throughout its life cycle.
What is the Cradle To Cradle(CaC) design model?
A closed loop design that recycles and reuses products.
What is the United Nations Global Compact?
A voluntary scheme for businesses that covers critical areas affecting the conduct of international business, human rights, labor, the environment, and anti-corruption efforts.
What is the Global Reporting Initiative?
Sustainability reporting framework developed among stakeholders.
What is the Carbon Disclosure Project?
Organization that provides reporting framework for greenhouse gas emissions and water use.
What is a carbon footprint?
It is a measure of the volume of greenhouse gas emissions caused by a product’s manufacture and use.
What is a water footprint?
It is a measure of the the amount of water used in a product’s manufacture and use.
What are the main concerns of sustainability?
Social, environment, and economic aspects, limits, interdependence, and equity of distribution.
What is R. Edward Freeman’s theory regarding sustainability?
It was the stakeholder theory, an understanding of how business operates that takes into account all identifiable interest holders.
What is triple-bottom-line accounting?
An approach to accounting that measures social and environmental performance in addition to economic performance.
What companies have been widely recognized for their efforts in regards to stakeholders and sustainability?
Unilever, Seventh Generation, Hasbro, IKEA, J&J, Method, Timberland, Earthtec, Stonyfield Farm, United Air, Alaska Air, Starbucks, Interface and FLOR, P&G, Patagonia, Abe’s Market Natural Goods, and Chipotle.
What is natural capital?
Air, land, water, living organisms, and all formations of the environment that provide us with goods and services.
What is shale?
A fissile rock composed of laminated layers of claylike, fine-grained sediment that produces oil.
What are non-renewable resources?
Petroleum, nuclear power, coal, and natural gas.
