6.3

Question 1

Explain the difference between assimilation and accommodation.

Answer 1

Assimilation occurs when a person encounters new information and puts it into an existing schema. Accommodation occurs when an old schema would be adjusted to incorporate new information

Question 2

Provide an example of a person using assimilation

Answer 2

A child has an existing schema for a birthday party. They are told they are going to a pool party and assume that it will be the same as a birthday party

Question 3

Describe what it means when a child is egocentric

Answer 3

This is when an individual can not see other perspectives and points of view

Question 4

What is the theory of the mind?

Answer 4

It is a cognitive development that occurs around age 4, which allows children to understand other perspectives

Question 5

Sensorimotor

Answer 5

Description: Child gains access to their hands and begins to move. The child learns to make things happen and starts to develop object permanence

Question 6

Preoperational

Answer 6

Child learns to use language but will struggle with concepts such as conservation. Here a child starts off as egocentric but will develop the theory of the mind 2-7 yr-old

Question 7

Concrete operational

Answer 7

Children start to think logically. Children can start to understand conservation and more complex topics, such as mathematics and reversibility. 7 y-old +

Question 8

Formal operational

Answer 8

Here an individual can think about hypothetical situations or questions, and apply logic to different situations. Individuals here also have moral reasoning (starts at 12)

Question 9

Explain the difference between conservation and reversibility.

Answer 9

Conservation is the idea that properties such as volume and mass remain the same, even if they are transferred into different containers. While reversibility is amental operation where an individual can reverse a sequence of events

Question 10

Describe Vygotsky’s zone of proximal development

Answer 10

The zone of proximal development is what a child can learn with the assistance of another individual. If a concept is outside of the zone of proximal development it will be too difficult for the child to learn, even with assistance

Question 11

Explain how scaffolding can be used to help children develop

Answer 11

Scaffolding is when an individual provides support and guides a child to an understanding of unfamiliar concepts. This is often used in a teaching environment, with the goal being to help expand an individual’s knowledge or skills