6.3 - Fuel Types And Uses

Question 1

Charcoal

Answer 1

Made by heating wood under low oxygen conditions for a long time
Very light

Question 2

Peat

Answer 2

Decaying, decompose organic matter found in wet, acidic, ecosystems like bogs and moors
Has to be compressed

Question 3

Coal Formation

Answer 3

pressure from overlong lock and sediment layers compacts peat into coal
More pressure leads to more energy dense coal
Coal is sedimentary

Question 4

Coal types from least density and least quality to best density and best quality

Answer 4

Lignite
subbituminous
bituminous
anthracite

Question 5

Anthracite

Answer 5

most valuable coal source
Produces more energy per unit
Burns more cleaner than other coal

Question 6

Natural gas

Answer 6

Made from decaying remains of plants and animal
Converted into oil and natural gas by pressure
Takes millions of years to form

Question 7

How is natural gas formed

Answer 7

Found on top of trapped oil deposits
Formed when oil is trapped in porous, sedimentary rock

Question 8

What is the cleanest fossil fuel and why?

Answer 8

Natural gas. It produced half as much CO2 as coal. Produces virtually no ash, soot, NOX, mercury, etc.

Question 9

How is crude oil formed

Answer 9

Made from decaying organic matter trapped under rock layers

Question 10

Tar sands

Answer 10

A combination of clay, sand, water, and bitumen

Question 11

Bitumen

Answer 11

A thick, sticky, semi-solid form of petroleum

Question 12

Downsides of trying to extract oil from tar sands

Answer 12

needs a lot of water
Needs energy
Refining oil needs a lot of water

Question 13

Crude oil products

Answer 13

bitumen, fuel, oil, diesel, paraffin, naphtha, gasoline, petroleum