Chapter 10- Intelligence Flashcards
intelligence
the ability to direct one’s thinking, adapt to one’s circumstances, and learn from one’s experiences
ratio IQ
[mental age/physical age]*100
deviation IQ
[test score/avg. test score]*100
factor analysis
a statistical technique that explains a large number of correlations in terms of a small number of underlying factors
two factor theory of intelligence
Spearman’s theory suggesting that every task requires a combination of a general ability (G) and skills that are specific to the task (S)
fluid intelligence
the ability to see abstract relationships and draw logical inferences
crystallized intelligence
the ability to retain and use knowledge that was acquired through experience
prodigy
a person of normal intelligence who has n extraordinary ability
savant
a person of low intelligence who has an extraordinary ability
emotional intelligence
the ability to reason about emotions and to use emotions to enhance reasoning
fraternal twins (dizygotic twins)
twins who develop from two different eggs that are fertilized by two different sperm
identical twins (monozygotic twins)
twins who developed from the splitting of a single egg that was fertilized from a single sperm
heritability coefficient
a statistic commonly denoted as h^2, that describes the proportion of the difference between people’s scores that can be explained by differences in their genes
shared environment
those environmental factors that are experienced by all relevant members of a household
nonshared environment
those environmental factors that are not experienced by all relevant members of a household
