Chapter 8- Emotion and Motivation Development Flashcards

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1
Q

Emotion

A

Positive or negative experience that is associated with a particular pattern of physiological activity.

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2
Q

James-Lange theory

A

theory about the relationship between emotional experience and physiological activity suggesting that stimuli trigger activity in the autonomic nervous system, which in turn produces an emotional experience in the brain

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3
Q

Cannon-Bard theory

A

theory about the relationship between emotional experience and physiological activity suggesting that a stimulus simultaneously triggers activity in the autonomic nervous system and emotional experience in the brain

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4
Q

Two-factor theory

A

theory about the relationship between emotional experience and physiological activity suggesting that emotions are inferences about the cases of undifferentiated physiological arousal

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5
Q

Appraisal

A

an evaluation of the emotion-relevant aspects of a stimulus that is performed by the amygdala

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6
Q

Emotion regulation

A

the use of cognitive and behavioral strategies to influence one’s emotional experience

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7
Q

Reappraisal

A

strategy that involves changing one’s emotional experience by changing the meaning of the emotion-eliciting stimulus

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8
Q

Emotional expression

A

any observable sign of an emotional state

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9
Q

Affective forecasting

A

process by which people predict their emotional reactions to future events

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10
Q

Universal hypothesis

A

hypothesis that emotional expressions have the same meaning for everyone

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11
Q

Facial feedback hypothesis

A

hypothesis that emotional expressions can cause the emotional experiences they signify

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12
Q

Display rules

A

norms for the control of emotional expression

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13
Q

Motivation

A

purpose for or cause of an action

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14
Q

Hedonic principle

A

notion that all people are motivated to experience pleasure and avoid pain

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15
Q

Homeostasis

A

tendency for a system to take action to keep itself in a particular state

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16
Q

Drive

A

internal state by departures from physiological optimality

17
Q

Bulimia nervosa

A

eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging

18
Q

Anorexia nervosa

A

eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of being fat and severe restriction of food intake

19
Q

Metabolism

A

rate at which energy is used by the body

20
Q

Human sexual arousal response cycle

A

stages of physiological arousal during sexual activity (4 stages: excitement phase, plateau phase, orgasm phase, resolution phase)

21
Q

Extrinsic motivation

A

a motivation to take actions that are not themselves rewarding but that lead to reward

22
Q

Intrinsic motivation

A

a motivation to take actions that are themselves rewarding

23
Q

Conscious motivation

A

a motivation of which one is aware

24
Q

Unconscious motivation

A

a motivation of which one is not aware

25
Q

Need for achievement

A

motivation to solve worthwhile problems

26
Q

Approach motivation

A

motivation to experience positive outcomes

27
Q

Avoidance motivation

A

motivation not to experience negative outcomes

28
Q

Mortality-Salience hypothesis

A

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