Ch. 9

Question 1

Puberty

Answer 1

The time at the end of childhood between the first onrush of growth hormones and full adult size

Question 2

Menarche

Answer 2

A girl’s first menstrual period

Question 3

Spermarche

Answer 3

A boy’s first speculation of sperm

Question 4

Pituitary

Answer 4

A gland in the brain that produces many hormones

Question 5

Adrenal glands

Answer 5

Two glands above the kidney that produce hormones in response to signals from the pituitary

Question 6

Gonads

Answer 6

The sex glands

Question 7

Estradiol

Answer 7

A sex hormone, considered to be the chief estrogen

Question 8

Testosterone

Answer 8

Male sex hormone

Question 9

Circadian rhythm

Answer 9

A day-night cycle of biological activity that occurs approx. every 25 hrs

Question 10

Secular trend

Answer 10

Advances in growth and maturation that result from modern nutrition

Question 11

Growth spurt

Answer 11

The relatively sudden and rapid physical growth that occurs during puberty

Question 12

Primary sex characteristics

Answer 12

The parts of the body that are directly involved in reproduction

Question 13

Secondary sex characteristics

Answer 13

Physical traits that are not directly involved in reproduction

Question 14

Body image

Answer 14

A person’s idea of how his/her body looks

Question 15

Anorexia nervosa

Answer 15

Self-starvation and obsession with weight

Question 16

Bulimia nervosa

Answer 16

Binge eating and purging

Question 17

Formal operational thought

Answer 17

Systemic logical thinking and understanding abstractions

Question 18

Personal fable

Answer 18

Belief that one’s own emotions, experiences and destiny are unique, more wonderful or awful than anyone else’s

Question 19

Invincibility fable

Answer 19

The fantasy that a person cannot be harmed by anything that might defeat a normal mortal

Question 20

Imaginary audience

Answer 20

The people in an adolescent’s egocentric belief that watch his/her appearance, ideas and behavior

Question 21

Hypothetical thought

Answer 21

Reasoning that includes propositions and possibilities that do not reflect reality

Question 22

Inductive reasoning

Answer 22

Reasoning from specific experiences or facts to reach a general conclusion

Question 23

Dual-process model

Answer 23

The idea that two modes of thinking exist within the human brain, one for intuitive emotional response and one for analytical reasoning

Question 24

Deductive reasoning

Answer 24

Reasoning from a general statement to figure out specifics

Question 25

Intuitive thought

Answer 25

Thought that arises from an emotion or “gut feeling” influenced by past experiences and cultural assumptions

Question 26

Analytical thought

Answer 26

Thought that results from analysis

Question 27

Cyberbullying

Answer 27

Bullying over media

Question 28

Secondary education

Answer 28

Education that follows primary education and precedes tertiary education

Question 29

Middle school

Answer 29

Grades 6-8

Question 30

Entity theory of intelligence

Answer 30

The idea that intellectual ability is innate

Question 31

Incremental theory of intelligence

Answer 31

The idea that intelligence can be increased by effort

Question 32

High-stakes test

Answer 32

An evaluation that determines something very important

Question 33

PISA

Answer 33

An international test taken by 15-year-olds in 50 nations to measure problem solving and cognition in daily life