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Pharmacology 1st semester > Sedatives > Flashcards

Sedatives Flashcards

1
Q

Thiopental

A

Barbiturate - sedative hypnotic

  • Ultra-short half-life due to redistribution
  • I.v for induction of anesthesia
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2
Q

Phenobarbital

A

Barbiturate - sedative hypnotic, made in 1912

  • Long acting
  • I.v to treat seizures (not 1st line in adults, but in neonates
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3
Q

Primidone (sketchy)

A

Barbiturate - sedative hypnotic

  • Treat seizures and essential tremor (1st line w/propanolol)
  • Phenobarbital active metabolite
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4
Q

Methohexital

A

Barbiturate - sedative hypnotic

  • Ultra-short (redistribution)
  • I.v: anesthesia induction
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5
Q

Hexobarbital

A

Barbiturate - sedative hypnotic

  • Ultra-short (redistribution)
  • I.v: anesthesia induction
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6
Q

Cyclobarbital, amobarbital

A

Babiturate - sedative hypnotic

  • Short/medium acting
  • Old-fashion
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7
Q

Veronal

A

Diethylbarbiturate - First barbiturate in therapy (1903)

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8
Q

Thalidomide

A
  • Previous use for sedative and hypnotic effect

- Withdrawn 1961: teratogenic

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9
Q

Chlordiazepoxide

A

Benzodiazepine - anxiolytic (sedative)

- Long half-life

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10
Q

Diazepam

A

Benzodiazepine

  • Anxiolytic (sedative), central muscle relaxant, acute/epileptic state, premed. before general anesthesia, alcohol withdrawal (delirium tremens), endoscopy
  • Long half-life
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11
Q

Clonazepam

A

Benzodiazepine

  • Anxiolytic (sedative), panic attacks, absence seizures
  • Medium half-life
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12
Q

Alprazolam

A

Benzodiazepine

  • Anxiolytic (sedative), panic attacks
  • Medium half-life
  • Tetracyclic
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13
Q

Oxazepam

A

Benzodiazepine

  • Anxiolytic (sedative)
  • Short (to medium) half-life
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14
Q

Lorazepam

A

Benzodiazepine

  • Anxiolytic (sedative), hypnotic, acute/epileptic state
  • Medium half-life
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15
Q

Midazolam

A

Benzodiazepine

  • Hypnotic, induction of general anesthesia, endoscopy
  • Short half-life
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16
Q

Nitrazepam

A

Benzodiazepine

  • Hypnotic
  • Medium half-life
17
Q

Flunitrazepam

A

Benzodiazepine

- Hypnotic

18
Q

Flurazepam

A

Benzodiazepine

- Long half-life

19
Q

Triazolam

A

Benzodiazepine

  • Hypnotic
  • Short half-life
  • Tetracyclic
20
Q

Tetrazepam

A

Benzodiazepine

- Central muscle relaxant

21
Q

Benzodiazepine antagonist

A

Flumazenil

22
Q

Eszopiclone

A

Z-drug (non-BZD sedative hypnotic)

  • Longer half-life than other Z drugs
  • Effective for both onset and maintenance of sleep
23
Q

Zaleplon

A

Z-drug (non-BZD sedative hypnotic)

  • Rapid onset of action
  • Treat onset of insomnia
24
Q

Zolpidem

A

Z-drug (non-BZD sedative hypnotic)

  • Rapid onset of action
  • Treat onset of insomnia
25
Q

Ramelteon

A

Non-BZD sedative hypnotic

  • For insomnia
  • Few side effects - good for use in elderly!
  • Binds to MT1 and MT2
26
Q

Suvorexant

A

Orexin antagonist

- Used for insomnia

Pharmacology 1st semester (7 decks)

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