The Eye Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 layers of the eyeball?

A
  • Fibrous coat
  • Vascular coat
  • Sensory coat
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2
Q

What are the components of the fibrous coat?

A
  • Sclera

- Cornea

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3
Q

What are the components of the vascular coat?

A
  • Iris
  • Ciliary body
  • Choroid
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4
Q

What structure means that the vascular coat is incomplete anteriorly?

A

Pupil

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5
Q

Which layer receives a rich blood supply?

A

Vascular coat

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6
Q

What is the main component of the sensory layer?

A

-Retina

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7
Q

What does the retina contain?

A

Light sensitive rods and cones

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8
Q

Where does the retina end anteriorly?

A

Serrated margin a little bit anterior to the equator known as the ora serrata

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9
Q

What is the cornea?

A

The anterior 1/6 of the fibrous layer which is transparent and is a window to allow light rays to enter the eyeball

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10
Q

What is the sclera?

A

The opaque posterior 5/6 of the fibrous coat which gives attachment to muscles moving the eyeball

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11
Q

Why is the cornea transparent?

A

Due to the very regularly arranges collagen fibres

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12
Q

What does the ciliary body do?

A

Suspends the lens and produces aqueous humor

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13
Q

What does the choroid do?

A

Supplies blood to the outer layers of the retina

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14
Q

What does the iris do?

A

Controls the diameter of the pupil and thereby control the amount of light rays entering the eyeball

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15
Q

How many histological layers does the retina have?

A

10

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16
Q

Zonules

A

Thin fibrous suspensory ligaments attaching the lens to the ciliary body

17
Q

What does the iris contain?

A

Radial and concentric muscles to help control the diameter of the pupil

18
Q

What is the crystalline lens?

A

A transparent, crystalline biconvex structure which is suspended by zonules from the ciliary body. It can change shape.

19
Q

How is the lens attached to the ciliary body?

A

By zonules at 360 degrees

20
Q

Anterior segment

A

Area in front of the crystalline lens

21
Q

Posterior segment

A

Area behind the crystalline lens

22
Q

What does the anterior segment contain?

A

Watery fluid called aqueous humor

23
Q

What does the posterior segment contain?

A

Transparent gel called vitreous humor

24
Q

What does the aqueous humor do?

A

Helps maintain intraocular pressure

25
Q

What does the vitreous humor do

A

Help cushion the retina by pushing it back

26
Q

What pressure is our eyeball maintained at?

A

21mmHg

27
Q

What happens in trauma when the vitreous humor becomes liquefied?

A

Increases the chance of retinal detachment

28
Q

Anterior chamber

A

Area of the anterior segment in front of the iris

29
Q

Posterior chamber

A

Area of the anterior segment behind the iris

30
Q

Describe the flow of aqueous humor.

A
  • Produced by ciliary body
  • Flows through posterior chamber
  • Exits posterior chamber via pupil
  • Drainage apparatus located at the angle of the anterior chamber
31
Q

Where is the angle of the anterior chamber found?

A

Between the cornea, sclera and iris

32
Q

What is the name of the drainage system of the aqueous humor?

A

Trabecular meshwork

33
Q

After it enters the trabecular meshwork, what happens to the aqueous humor?

A

It drains into the Schlemm’s canal then into episclera veins sitting on the sclera

34
Q

What structure can you see when you look through the aperture of the eyelids?

A
  • Sclera
  • Cornea (via reflection of light)
  • Iris
  • Pupil