Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

The autonomic nervous system is a division of the…

A
  • Peripheral nervous system

- Efferent nervous system

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2
Q

Sympathetic nerves have…

A
  • Thoracolumbar outflow

- Short preganglionic and long ganglionic fibres

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3
Q

Sympathetic ganglia are located in…

A
  • Prevertebral ganglia

- Paravertebral ganglia

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4
Q

Cranial nerves that contain parasympathetic outflow include the…

A
  • Oculomotor nerve
  • Facial nerve
  • Glossopharyngeal nerve
  • Vagus nerve
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5
Q

In the sympathetic system the synapse between pre and post ganglionic cells are…

A

Cholinergic and nicotinic

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6
Q

In the parasympathetic system the synapses between pre and post ganglionic cells are…

A

Cholinergic and nicotinic

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7
Q

In the parasympathetic system the synapses between post ganglionic cells and their targets are…

A

Cholinergic and muscarinic

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8
Q

What do post ganglionic cell in the adrenal medulla release?

A

Adrenaline

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9
Q

What do post ganglionic cells in the adrenal medulla not have?

A

Axons

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10
Q

What system are the post ganglionic cells in the adrenal medulla part of?

A

Sympathetic system

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11
Q

What do the post ganglionic cells in the adrenal medulla contribute to?

A

Mass activation

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12
Q

Adrenaline and noradrenaline act on…

A

Adrenergic receptors

  • Alpha receptors
  • Beta receptors
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13
Q

Acetylcholine acts on…

A

Cholinergic receptors

  • Nicotinic receptors
  • Muscarinic receptors
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14
Q

In the eye activation of the sympathetic system causes?

A
  • Contraction of the radial muscle of the iris

- Relaxation of the ciliary muscle surrounding the lens

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15
Q

Eye drops used to dilate the pupil of the eye may contain…

A
  • A muscarinic antagonist

- An alpha1 agonist

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16
Q

In the heart, parasympathetic activation causes….

A
  • Release of acetylcholine

- A decrease in heart rate

17
Q

In blood vessels, activation of sympathetic nerves cause…

A

Vasoconstriction

18
Q

In some blood vessels, activation of the sympathetic system causes vasodilation because….

A

They express Beta2 receptors

19
Q

In the lung activation of the sympathetic system causes…

A

Relaxation of smooth muscle

20
Q

What can autonomic neuropathy cause?

A
  • Syncope
  • Bladder problems
  • Bowel problems
  • ETC.