Microbiology - Respiratory Tract Infections Flashcards
What is the clinical presentation of influenza?
High, abrupt fever Malaise Myalgia Headache Cough Slide 2
What are the causes for Flu?
Influenza A +B
Flu-like illnesses can be cause by parainfluenza viruses. Slide 3
How can flu be transmitted and what safety precautions are there?
It is transmitted by droplets or direct contact of infected respiratory secretions.
Precautions include aerosol protection during aerosol generating procedures e.g. Induction of sputum. Slide 4
What are influenza complications?
Primary influezal pneumonia
Secondary bacterial pneumonia
Bronchitis. Slide 5
What is the treatment for flu?
Bed rest, fluids and paracetemol for symptoms
Antivirals of oseltamivir or zanamivir. Slide 6
which change in the influenza virus can cause a pandemic?
An antigenic SHIFT in influenza A. Slide 7
What are the ways to confirm a patient has influenza?
Direct detection of virus from a nasopharyngeal swab or antibody detection.
What are bacterial causes of community acquired pneumonia?
Mycoplasma pneumoniae, coxiella bunetii and chlamydia. Slide 19
How do you treat bacterial caused community acquired pnoeumonia?
Tetracycline and macrolides. Slide 20
How is coxiella burnetii spread?
Sheep and goats. Slide 23
How is chlamydophila psittaci transmitted?
From pet birds and presents as pneumonia. Slide 24
