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Theriogenology > Final Lecture 3 > Flashcards

Final Lecture 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What do dogs depend on for progesterone during pregnancy

A

CL throughout the entire pregnancy

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2
Q

Can progesterone be used as a pregnancy test in dogs? Why?

A

No, because progesterone is just as high in diestrus in a nonpregnant bitch as it is in pregnancy

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3
Q

What type of placenta do dogs have

A

Endotheliochorial, zonary, deciduate

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4
Q

What do marginal hematomas on the placenta do

A

Provide iron to the fetus

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5
Q

When can you successfully palpate a canine pregnancy

A

Easiest at 31-33 days post LH peak
As early as 17-22 days post ovulation

Basically 1 month post ovulation/LH peak

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6
Q

When is it difficult to palpate a canine pregnancy and why

A

After 35 days because the vesicles elongate

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7
Q

When can you ultrasound a canine pregnancy

A

3-4 weeks post ovulation/ LH peak

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8
Q

Can you count fetuses on US

A

No, it’s inaccurate

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9
Q

When should you see embryonic heart beat on US

A

23-25 days post LH

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10
Q

What other issues can you identify on US

A

Anembryonic sacs
Fetal death and mummification
Fluid, endometrial cysts
Pyometra

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11
Q

What are normal/abnormal fetal heartrates?

A

> 180 is normal
160-180 is mild to moderate stress
Less than 160 is severe stress and should immediately intervene

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12
Q

What is relaxin used for? What is it produced by? When might it not be accurate?

A

Pregnancy diagnosis
Produced by placenta
May not be accurate with singleton pup

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13
Q

How early can you preg check with relaxin

A

As early as 21-22 days after breeding. If negative, MUST recheck in 7-10.

Otherwise, check once at least 28 days post LH

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14
Q

When should you use radiography

A

Late gestation for litter size

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15
Q

Describe fetal mineralization

A

45 days- skull, spine, some ribs
54 days- pelvis
61 days- paws, calcaneus, tail vertebrae, TEETH

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16
Q

What proteins are elevated in a pregnant bitch

A

Positive Acute phase proteins like fibrinogen

NOT specific for pregnancy

17
Q

Describe gestational length in dogs

A

65 +/- 1 day post LH peak
57 +/- 1 day post diestrus cytology
57-72 days post breeding

18
Q

What will happen within 1 day of parturition

A

Body temp will fall to 99F

19
Q

What physiological changes might you see during canine pregnancy

A

NN anemia
Increased plasma volume
Increased TP
Gestational diabetes mellitus and ketosis

20
Q

What vaccines should not be given during pregnancy

A

Live vaccines

21
Q

What should you continue giving during pregnancy

A

HW/parasite prevention

22
Q

Describe nutrition during pregnancy

A

Stay on regular diet 2/3 of the way through pregnancy, then switch to puppy for last third. OR stay on all stages diet throughout.

do NOT supplement calcium or give raw diets

23
Q

Which organisms will cause abortion in the dog

A

Campylobacter
Salmonella
E. Coli
Toxoplasma gondii

24
Q

What is hypoluteoidism

Is it common?

How to treat?

A

Progesterone is too low to maintain pregnancy

Not common

Treat with P4 supplement but stop prior to parturition

25
Q

What can P4 supplementation cause?

A

Masculization of female fetuses

26
Q

What can canine herpes virus causes

A

Mummies, abortions, stillborns, premature deliveries

27
Q

How is herpes transmitted

A

Respiratory, oral, venereal

28
Q

What type of placenta do cats have

A

Zonary, endotheliochorial, deciduate

29
Q

Describe feline gestation length

A

Average is 65-67 days

30
Q

What is feline pregnancy dependent on for P4

A

CL throughout pregnancy

31
Q

What can be used for preg check in cats

A

Relaxin, not P4

32
Q

What are some suggestive signs of pregnancy in cats

A

More docile, mammary gland changes

33
Q

When can you palpate feline pregnancy

A

2 weeks gestation

34
Q

What can you US feline pregnancy

A

2.5 weeks post mating

35
Q

When can you use relaxin in feline

A

28 days gestation in serum and urine

36
Q

When can you use radiology for feline pregnancy

A

38-43 days gestation

37
Q

How can you estimate gestational age in cat

A

Crown rump length since cats are all about the same size

38
Q

What is mammary gland hypertrophy- who does it affect? What causes it? Treatment?

A

Young queens
Progesterone influence
Must distinguish from neoplasia
Remove progesterone source- spay or luteolysis

Theriogenology (19 decks)

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