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Physiology & Pharmacology > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What does the nervous system allow us to do?

A

Detect change and receive info from our sense organs

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2
Q

The nervous system is divided into 2 parts?

A

1) Central nervous system (CNS)

2) Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

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3
Q

The CNS is made up of what 2 body parts?

A

1) brain

2) spinal cord

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4
Q

The PNS is divided into somatic ( 31 spinal nerves ) and autonomic which is nerves in what part of the body?

A

12 cranial nerves within the brain

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5
Q

What is a neuron?

A

Carry’s messages as electrical and chemical impulses to allow rapid communication

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6
Q

Sensory input > brain > __?__ output

A

Motor

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7
Q

What is the cell body of a neuron called?

A

Soma

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8
Q

What is an axon?

A

The long bit in the middle of a neuron

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9
Q

What does a dendrite do?

A

Receives signals from other neurons

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10
Q

What is structural classification?

A

What they look like

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11
Q

Multi - multiple
Uni - 1
So Bi means?

A

2

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12
Q

Afferent is the?

A

Arrival

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13
Q

What is a nerve?

A

Collections of nerve cell axons

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14
Q

Many neurons are wrapped in myelin, creating a?

A

Myelin sheath

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15
Q

Myelin sheath allows for what sort of conduction of the electrical pulse?

A

Electrical

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16
Q

Demyelination ( loss / damage of myelin ) results in?

A

Reduced reduction

17
Q

Information from one neuron flows to another neuron across a small gap called?

A

Synapse

18
Q

The cell that sends info is called the presynaptic neuron and the the cell that receives info is called the?

A

Postsynaptic neuron

19
Q

A nerve impulse is carried across the gap between neurons by chemicals called?

A

Neurotransmitters

20
Q

After the action potential is initiated which part of a neuron does the impulse travel along.

A

Axon

21
Q

A neuron carrying impulses to the CNS ( arrival ) is called what type of neuron?

A

Afferent

22
Q

Chemical molecules that send signals across synapses are called?

A

Neurotransmitters

23
Q

What are spinal nerves?

A

A collection of axons

24
Q

The brain is divided into what 3 parts?

A

1) cerebrum - sensory
2) cerebellum - balance & movement
3) the brain stem - automatic functions such as Bp, heart rate, arousal and attention

25
Q

The cortex is the what layer of the brain?

A

Outer

26
Q

The cerebral cortex is divided into 4 lobes, what are they called?

A

1) frontal
2) parietal
3) occipital
4) temporal lobes

27
Q

What is in the lymbic system?

A

1) hypothalamus
2) hippocampus
3) amygdala

28
Q

What does the amygdala do?

A

Creates emotions

29
Q

What is the hippocampus involved in?

A

Conversion of recent memories into long term

30
Q

The main function is the coordination and movement. What part of the brain is this?

A

Cerebellum

31
Q

The brain stem is split into 3 parts?

A

1) midbrain
2) pons
3) medulla oblongata

32
Q

The spinal cord links the brain to where?

A

The rest of the body

33
Q

The brain is protected by?

A

1) cranium ( skull )
2) meninges ( membranes )
3) blood brain barrier

34
Q

Glial cells are also?

A

Supporting cells

35
Q

The blood brain barrier is made up of astrocytes ( type of glial cells ) and ?

A

Capillaries

36
Q

What does cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) do?

A

Clear fluid which protects brain and spinal cord, whilst supporting the weight of the being by helping it to float in the skull

37
Q

How many cranial nerves are there in the PNS?

A

12

38
Q

What are the three main components of the brain?

A

Cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem

39
Q

What are stopped from entering the brain by the blood brain barrier?

A

Most antibiotics

Physiology & Pharmacology (30 decks)

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