Elbow, Wrist, and Hand

Question 1

ROM for flexion and extension at elbow; muscles?

Answer 1

Flexion: 140-150 (biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis)

Extension: 0 - (-5) (Triceps brachii, Anconeus)

Question 2

Nerve root for biceps, brachioradialis, and triceps

Answer 2

Biceps: C5
Brachioradialis: C6
Triceps: C7

Question 3

What elbow ligaments does a valgus vs varus stress test for?

Answer 3

Valgus: Medial (ulnar) collateral

Varus: Lateral (radial) collateral

Question 4

Tinel test for elbow is accomplished by, and tests for?

Answer 4

• Tap between olecranon and medial epicondyle in ulnar groove
• Ulnar N. entrapment/cubital tunnel syndrome

Question 5

Test for Golfer’s elbow; indicates?

Answer 5

• Forearm in supination, pt flexes against resistance.

- Medial Epicondylitis

Question 6

Test for Tennis elbow (Cozen’s test); indicates?

Answer 6

• Forearm in pronation, pt flexes against resistance

- Lateral Epicondylitis

Question 7

Students elbow or miners elbow results from?

Answer 7

Olecranon bursitis

Question 8

Little league elbow is pain where and caused by; most common in?

Answer 8

Pain over medial epicondyle after throwing, repetitive valgus distraction forces)

*MOST COMMON elbow injury during childhood

Question 9

Nursemaid’s elbow what ligament?

Answer 9

Annular ligament tear and/or radial head sublaxation

Question 10

What way does the radial head glide during pronation and supination?

Answer 10

Pronation: radial head posterior glide

Supination: radial head anterior glide

Question 11

ROM for flexion at wrist; coupled motion?

Answer 11

80-90

Dorsal/posterior carpal glide

Question 12

ROM for extension at wrist; coupled motion

Answer 12

70

Ventral/anterior carpal glide

Question 13

ROM for ABduction and ADduction; couple motions?

Answer 13

ABduction: 20-30 (ulnar adduction)

ADduction: 30-40 (ulnar abduction)

Question 14

“OK” sign is testing what nerve?

Answer 14

Anterior Interosseous N. - motor branch of Median N

Question 15

What is Tinel’s test for wrist and what does it test for?

Answer 15

• Tapping over transverse carpal ligament

- Median N entrapment or Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Question 16

What is Phalen’s Test; tests for?

Answer 16

• Dorsal aspects of hands together, force into wrist flexion

- Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Question 17

What is Allen Test; tests for?

Answer 17

• Occlude both arteries in wrist (radial and ulnar), have pt open and close fist, release pressure on one artery at a time.
• Lack of dual blood supply to the hand

Question 18

How is Finkelstein Test performed; tests for?

Answer 18

Pt makes first encompassing their thumb and the ulnar deviates (ADducts) the wrist.

Pain = DeQuervain’s tenosynovitis

Question 19

Most common carpal bone fracture?

Answer 19

Scaphoid

Question 20

Colle’s fracture

Answer 20

Fracture of distal radius w/ posterior displacement of the wrist and hand

Question 21

Monteggia Fracture

Answer 21

Fracture of the proximal ulna w/ dislocation of radial head

Question 22

Galeazzi Fracture

Answer 22

Fracture of the distal radius w/ dislocation of the Ulna

Question 23

Nighstick fracture

Answer 23

Isolated fracture of the mid shaft of the ulna from a direct blow (hit w/ a nightstick!)