B6 Flashcards
1
Q
Monoclonal antibodies?
A
Produced from a single clone of cells.
2
Q
How are monoclonal antibodies formed?
A
- B lymphocytes are taken from a mouse (make specific antibodies but do not divide)
- They are combined with tumour cells (divide but no antibodies) to form a HYBRIDOMA cell.
- The cell clones itself
3
Q
Uses of monoclonal antibodies?
A
- Pregnancy tests
- Diagnosis of disease
- Treating disease
- Research
- Identify certain molecules in Cells or tissue
- Treatment of cancer
4
Q
How do monoclonal antibodies work?
A
They bind to a cell, by recognition of antigens on the surface of the cell. Signals are sent to the immune system to destroy the cell - white blood cells. Also causes clumping so can be destroyed.
5
Q
How can monoclonal antibodies be used to treat cancer?
A
Either:
• The direct use - the antibodies bind to the antigens on the cell and stop them dividing and growing
• They bind to the cell and carry drugs or radioactive therapies.
6
Q
Advantages? (Of mono. C antibodies)
A
- Bind to only one type of cell which prevents damage to others
- Treat a wide range of conditions
7
Q
Disadvantages? (Of mono. C antibodies)
A
- Expensive to develop
- Unknown side effects
- Nouse lymphocytes triggered an immune response in humans that held up research
