B14.5 + B14.6

Question 1

D. Clone?

Answer 1

an individual that has been produced asexually and is genetically identical to the parent

Question 2

D. Tissue culture?

Answer 2

a modern way of cloning plants that allows thousands of new plants to be created from one piece of plant tissue

Question 3

Ways of cloning plants? (2 main)

Answer 3

• taking cuttings

- tissue culture

Question 4

Stages of tissue culture?

Answer 4

• small sample of tissue taken from parent plant
• tissue grown in agar with combination of nutrients and plant hormones to forma large tissue mass
• mixtures of hormones and nutrients result in many tiny identical plants
• plant clones grow on

Question 5

Transporting cloned embryos?

Answer 5

involves splitting apart cells from a developing animal embryo before they become specialised and then transporting the identical embryos into host mothers

Question 6

Stages of adult cell cloning?

Answer 6

• nucleus removed from unfertilised egg cell
• at same time nucleus is taken from an adult body cell
• nucleus from adult cell is inserted into empty egg
• new egg cell is given tiny electric shock which stimulates it to start dividing to form embryo cells
• when embryo is developed into a ball of cells, it is inserted into womb of adult female

Question 7

Natural human clones?

Answer 7

identical twins

Question 8

Pros and cons of animal cloning

Answer 8

pros:
- save animals from extinction

cons:

• ethical issues about human cloning
• reducing variety of populations if risky