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PNS > CN I Olfactory > Flashcards

CN I Olfactory Flashcards

1
Q

Olfactory nerves are often described as an extension of what system?

A

Central nerve system

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2
Q

The primary olfactory neurons are what type of neurons?

A

Bipolar

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3
Q

Where are primary olfactory neurons located?

A

In olfactory epithelium or mucosa on the superior nasal concha and the adjacent part of the ethmoidal perpendicular plate

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4
Q

What is below the perpendicular plate?

A

Septal cartilage

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5
Q

What is the superficial end of the olfactory neuron that slightly extends beyond the surface of the epithelium?

A

Olfactory vesicle

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6
Q

Each olfactory vesicle is attached by many of these

A

Olfactory cilia

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7
Q

What is the function of olfactory cilia?

A

Detect odorant

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8
Q

This is 15-20 bundles of nerve fibers of olfactory neurons

A

Fila olfactoria

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9
Q

The fila olfactoria passes through what opening of bone?

A

Cribriform plate of ethmoid

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10
Q

What are the secondary olfactory neurons that the fila olfactoria synapse with?

A

Mainly mitral cells and some tufted cells in the olfactory bulb

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11
Q

How long do we keep olfactory receptor neurons for?

A

They are continually replaced

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12
Q

List the layers of the laminar structure beginning at the surface working inward

A

Olfactory nerve layer, glomerular layer, external plexiform layer, mitral cell layer, internal plexiform layer, granule cell layer, and nerve fibers tract

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13
Q

This layer consists of unmyelinated axons of the olfactory neurons

A

Olfactory nerve layer

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14
Q

This layer has a thin sheet of glomeruli where the incoming olfactory axons divide and synapse on terminal dendrites of secondary neurons

A

Glomerular layer

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15
Q

Name some secondary olfactory neurons in the glomerular layer

A

Mitral, tufted, and periglomerular cells

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16
Q

This layer contains the principal and secondary dendrites of mitral and tufted cells

A

External plexiform layer

17
Q

In the mitral layer, each cell sends a single principle dendrite to where?

A

Glomerulus

18
Q

In the mitral layer, each cell sends a secondary dendrites to where?

A

External plexiform layer and a single axon to the olfactory tract

19
Q

The mitral layer contains a few granule cells bodies which form this

A

Nucleus of termination

20
Q

This layer contains axons, recurrent and deep collaterals of mitral cells, tufted cells, and granule cell bodies

A

Internal plexiform layer

21
Q

This layer is extended into the olfactory tract as scattered medium-sized multipolar neurons

A

Granule cell layer

22
Q

The multipolar neurons of the granule cell layer constitute what?

A

Anterior olfactory nucleus

23
Q

The olfactory tract extends to the anterior olfactory nucleus to form this

A

Olfactory trigone

24
Q

What does the trigone split into?

A

Medial and lateral olfactory striae

25
Q

What are the principal neurons in the olfactory bulb?

A

Mitral and tufted cells

26
Q

Which two cells make up the main intrinsic neuron in the bulb?

A

Periglomerular and granule cells

27
Q

These cells distribute their axons laterally and terminate within extraglomerular regions

A

Periglomerular cells

28
Q

These cells have no axon, ramify and terminate in the external plexiform layer, and have a powerful inhibitory influence on the output neurons of the bulb

A

Granule cells

29
Q

Once the medial striae cross the median plane in the anterior commissure, where does it end?

A

Subcallosal area

30
Q

What does the subcallosal area consist of?

A

Parolfactory and paraterminal area

31
Q

The subcallosal area is connected with the parahippocampal gyrus by way of what?

A

Cingular gyrus

32
Q

The lateral striae continues into this gyrus

A

Gyrus semilunaris

33
Q

What area does the lateral striae end?

A

Entorhinal area

34
Q

What does the lateral striae pass on its way to the entorhinal area?

A

The parahippocampal gyrus, amigdaloid body, uncut, and piriform area on the medial aspect of the temporal lobe

35
Q

What brodmann area is the uncut?

A

Brodmann area 34

36
Q

The olfactory brain

A

Uncus

37
Q

The uncus is connected with the visceral brain through this

A

Fornix

38
Q

Describe the olfactory fibers as a whole

A

They are minute and devoid of any covering

39
Q

Damage to any part of the olfactory system may result in what?

A

Hyposmia or anosmia

PNS (23 decks)

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