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HM Advancement - Blakeslee > Biological Weapons - HM Manual > Flashcards

Biological Weapons - HM Manual Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three types of biological agents?

A

Bacteria
Viruses
Toxins

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2
Q

What are the common bacterial agents that are weaponized?

A

Anthrax
Plague
Tularemia

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3
Q

What bacteria causes Anthrax?

A

Bacillus Anthracis

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4
Q

What bacteria causes Plague?

A

Yersina Pestis

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5
Q

What bacteria causes Tularemia?

A

Francisella Tularensis

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6
Q

What are the three types of anthrax?

A

Cutaneous
Pulmonary
Gastrointestinal

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7
Q

The average incubation period for anthrax is ___ to ___ days, although it can be incubated for ____ days

A

1-7 days

60 days

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8
Q

What would you expect to see on chest x-ray in a patient suffering from inhalation anthrax?

A

Mediastinal widening due to hemorrhagic lymphadenitis

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9
Q

What is the first line of treatment for anthrax?

A

Ciprofloxacin 500 mg PO BID or

Doxycycline 100mg PO BID

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10
Q

What is the second line of treatment for anthrax?

A

Amoxacillin 500mg TID or

PCN 2mU q4hrs IV

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11
Q

What is the dose schedule for Anthrax vaccine?

A

0,2,4 weeks and then 6,12,18 months followed by annual booster

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12
Q

The bacterium Yersina Pestis is found on rodents and their fleas and is easily destroyed by?

A

sunlight and drying

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13
Q

What are the three types of plague?

A

Pneumonic
Bubonic
Septicemic

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14
Q

What type of plague can spread from person to person?

A

Pneumonic

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15
Q

What type of plague is the most common form?

A

Bubonic

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16
Q

What type of plague is spread by infected flea bites?

A

Bubonic

17
Q

What type of plague is the result of the plague bacteria multiplying in the blood?

A

Septicemic (can be a complication of pneumonic and bubonic plague)

18
Q

What is the average incubation period for plague?

A

1-7 days

19
Q

What are some symptoms of pneumonic plague?

A

Sudden onset of high fever, chills, malaise, tachycardia, intense headache, severe myalgias, rapidly developing pneumonia, cough with hemoptysis, dyspnea, and stridor, cyanosis and death

20
Q

What are some symptoms of bubonic plague?

A

Swollen painful lymph nodes called buboes, high fever, chills, headache, and malasie

21
Q

What are the primary abx when treating plague?

A

Streptomycin 1g q12hrs IV

Gentamicin

22
Q

What is the alternative abx treatment of plague?

A

Doxycycline, ciprofloxacin or chloramphenicol

23
Q

What disease is also known as rabbit fever?

A

Tularemia

24
Q

What are the two types of tularemia?

A

Ulcergladular and Pneumoinc/typhoidal

25
Q

What biological agent is a neuroparalytic disease that blocks actylcholine release from peripheral nerves?

A

Botulinum Toxin

26
Q

What is the most toxic substance known?

A

Botulinum

27
Q

Can botulism be transmitted person to person?

A

no

28
Q

What are the types of botulism?

A

Food-borneInfantWoundInhalational

29
Q

What is the incubation period of botulism?

A

12-36 hours

30
Q

What are the common Toxins?

A

Botulism and Ricin

31
Q

What are the common symptoms of the botulism casualty?

A

Cranial nerve palsies, dysphagia, dry mouth and throat, muscle weakness, sxs may progress to paralysis of arms and legs, trunk and respiratory muscles

32
Q

What is the treatment for botulism?

A

Early administration of Trivalent antitoxin

33
Q

Where is Ricin derived from?

A

the beans of the castor plant

34
Q

What ist eh mechanism of action of Ricin?

A

Blocks protein synthesis at the cellular level, leads to irreversible cell death

35
Q

What are the common weaponized viruses?

A

Smallpox and Hemorrhagic fevers

36
Q

What virus causes smallpox disease?

A

Variola Major and variola minor

HM Advancement - Blakeslee (52 decks)

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