OnlineMedEd: Surgery: Subspecialty - "Peds Ophtho"

Question 1

What is amblyopia?

Answer 1

Cortical blindness due to inappropriate input from the eyes (such as cataracts or strabismus)

Question 2

Strabismus is ______________.

Answer 2

malalignment of the eyes (“lazy eye” or “wall eyes”)

Question 3

Congenital strabismus needs to be fixed by _________ months to prevent amblyopia.

Answer 3

6

Question 4

How do you treat acquired strabismus?

Answer 4

Patch over the good eye

Question 5

Differentiate the two types of cataracts based on time.

Answer 5

• Present at birth: TORCH infection

* Not present at birth but present shortly thereafter: inborn error of metabolism (galactosemia)

Question 6

Why do you not use radiation to treat retinoblastoma?

Answer 6

A child with retinoblastoma likely has an RB mutation. Radiation will knock out the other copy of RB in the good eye and induce retinoblastoma.

Question 7

Retinoblastoma is associated with what other cancer?

Answer 7

Osteosarcoma

Question 8

Retinopathy of prematurity presents with what on the retina?

Answer 8

Growths

Question 9

How do you treat ROP?

Answer 9

Laser ablation of the growths

Question 10

Chemical conjunctivitis was caused by ___________ (before it fell out of use).

Answer 10

silver nitrate

Question 11

Characterize the following types of conjunctivitis by time, discharge, and treatment:

• Chemical
• Gonorrhea
• Chlamydia

Answer 11

• Chemical: first 24 hours, nonpurulent discharge, don’t use silver nitrate
• Gonorrhea: day 2 to 7, purulent discharge, topical erythromycin to prevent and cephalosporin to treat, and cultures to direct treatment
• Chlamydia: day 8 to 14, mucoid to purulent discharge, oral erythromycin