Transport in cells

Question 1

Name the three types transport that happen in cells

Answer 1

Active transport

Osmosis

Diffusion

Question 2

define diffusion

Answer 2

The net movement of molecules from where they are at a higher concentration to where they are at a lower concentration. The molecules diffuse down the concentration gradient

Question 3

What factors affect the rate of diffusion

Answer 3

Surface area

Diffusion distance

Temperature

Question 4

Why would diffusion happen quicker if the temperature is warmer ?

Answer 4

The molecules will have more energy

Question 5

What is net movement

Answer 5

When substances may diffuse in both directions

Question 6

Define osmosis

Answer 6

The net movement of water molecules only across a partially permeable membrane down their concentration gradient

Question 7

Define passive

Answer 7

No energy required

Question 8

What happens to the red blood cell if it is concentrated

Answer 8

Small

no water inside the blood cell

Question 9

What happens to the red blood cell is very dilute and has a salt solution

Answer 9

The red blood cell will explode

Question 10

If the plant cell contains a concentrated salt solutionv then it is ?

Answer 10

Rigid

Question 11

If the plant cells concentration is the same as the cell then the plant cell will be ?

Answer 11

perfect

Question 12

If the plant cell is very dilute and contains a salt solution then what shape would it be ?

Answer 12

Rigid

Question 13

Define active transport

Answer 13

The movement of substances into and out of cells against the concentration gradient

Question 14

Two examples of active transport

Answer 14

Absorption of minerals from soil water by plant roots

Absorption of glucose sugar in the small intestine

Question 15

What features do all animal exchange surfaces have In common ?

Answer 15

Large surface area - More space for substance across which substances can move

short distance - Are thin , only one cell thick and often flattened cells

Concentration gradient - designed to maintain a steep gradient

Question 16

What is the job of the small intestine ?

Answer 16

To absorb nutrients eg glucose some absorbed by diffusion but active transport is needed to absorb against the concentration gradient

Question 17

Name the main exchange surface for a Mammal

Answer 17

Lungs

Question 18

Name the main exchange surface for a fish

Answer 18

Gills

Question 19

Name the main exchange surface for a plant

Answer 19

Leaves

Question 20

small intestine exchange surface ?

Answer 20

Short diffusion distance created due to being only one cell thick

Capillary inside means that as soon as molecules enter the blood they will be transported away to maintain a high concentration

Large surface area created by villi and micro villi means more area for absorption of small food molecules

Question 21

Lungs gills exchange surface ?

Answer 21

The fish ventilates so that a flow of water occurs across the gills this helps to maintain high concentration

Large surface area created by lots of plates

Gill lamellae are just one cell thick this creates a short diffusion distance

Question 22

Mammals lungs exchange surface ?

Answer 22

A large surface area is created by millions of alveoli which are one cell thick covered by a capillary network

There is a short diffusion distance because the alveoli and capillary walls are just one cell thick

A steep diffusion distance gradient is created by the capillary network