IONIC BONDING- ionic properties (& all other) Flashcards
ionic substances are made from…
metals & non- metals
in order to become stable they…
lose/ gain electrons-
creating OPPOSITELY CHARGED IONS
held together by..
a STRONG ELECTROSTATIC FORCE
high MP/ BP because…
a large amount of energy is required to pull the ions apart because of their strong force.
the forces are stronger when the charges are higher.
oppositely charged ions…
attract each other
when ionic compounds form, electrons…
are transferred to become stable
the melting point varies with the charge of ions because
the forces are stronger when the charges are higher.
the charges are higher when more electrons are transferred.
NaCl (sodium chloride)
MgO (magnesium oxide)
Which has a higher MP/ BP, why?
-sodium= needs to lose 1 electron
- becomes= Na+
-chlorine= needs to gain 1 electron
- becomes= Cl-
= will stick together due to ELECTROSTATIC FORCE between them
-NA+Cl-
=has OPPOSITELY CHARGED IONS
-magnesium= needs to lose 2 electrons
-becomes= Mg2+
- oxygen= needs to gain 2 electrons
- becomes= O2-
- Mg2+ O2-
=has higher charges than Na+Cl-
= has a stronger electrostatic force
=more energyneeded
=higher MP!!!
giant ionic lattice
ionic substances attract all (positive & negative) ions around them to form a giant lattice structure which extends in each direction to form 3D shapes.
(Na+ Cl- lattice is just like a cube with each atom alternating)
dot- cross diagrams
self- explanatory
nitrate ions cannot form ionic compounds with bromide ions because…
bromide ions= negative
nitrate ions= negative
-they will repel each other because only the opposite charge will attract (they want positives)
sodium chloride has a very ... force of attraction between the... sodium ions and the... chlorine ions. this means it needs a ... amount of energy to break the bonds and so its melting point is very...
- strong electrostatic
- positive
- negative
- large
- high
