Unit 2 - Physiologic Concepts of Pharmacology - Chapter Questions Flashcards
The nurse is teaching the patient about a newly prescribed medication. Which statement made by the patient would indicate the need for further medication education?
A. “The liquid form of the drug will be absorbed faster than the tablets.”
B. “If I take more, I’ll have a better response.”
C. “Taking this drug with food will decrease how much drug gets into my system.”
D. “I can consult my health care provider if I experience unexpected adverse effects.”
B. “If I take more, I’ll have a better response.”
The nurse is caring for several patients. Which patient will the nurse anticipate is most likely to experience an alteration in drug metabolism?
A. A 3-day-old premature infant
B. A 22-year-old pregnant female
C. A 32-year-old man with kidney stones
D. A 50-year-old executive with hypertension
A. A 3-day-old premature infant
The patient is receiving multiple medications, including one drug specifically used to stimulate gastric peristalsis. The nurse knows that this drug could have what influence on additional oral medications?
A. Increased absorption
B. Reduced excretion
C. Decreased absorption
D. Enhanced distribution
C. Decreased absorption
A patient is being discharged from the hospital with a nebulizer for self-administration of inhalation medication. Which statement made by the patient indicates to the nurse that patient education has been successful?
A. “Inhaled medication should only be taken in the morning.”
B. “Doses for inhaled medication are larger than those taken orally.”
C. “Medicines taken by inhalation produce a very rapid response.”
D. Inhaled drugs are often rendered inactive by hepatic metabolic reactions.”
C. “Medicines taken by inhalation produce a very rapid response.”
The nurse is caring for a patient with hepatitis and resulting hepatic impairment. The nurse would expect the duration of action for most medications to:
A. decrease
B. improve
C. be unaffected
D. increase
D. increase
The nurse is monitoring the therapeutic drug level for a patient on vancomycin (vancocin) and notes that the level is within the accepted range. What does this indicate to the nurse? Select all that apply.
A. The drug should cause no toxicities or adverse effects
B. The drug level is appropriate to exert therapeutic effects
C. The dose will not need to be changed for the duration of treatment
D. The nurse will need to continue monitoring because each patient response to a drug is unique
E. This drug will effectively treat the patient’s condition
B. The drug level is appropriate to exert therapeutic effects
D. The nurse will need to continue monitoring because each patient response to a drug is unique
Prior to the administration of an antibiotic, the patient informs the nurse that 4 years ago the patient experiences and allergic reaction. Based on this information what should the nurse do first?
A. ask the patient to describe the reaction further
B. notify the health care provider on call about the patient’s statements
C. administer the dose and observe the patient for a reaction
D. check the medical administration record for documented allergies
A. ask the patient to describe the reaction further
The nurse is researching a new drug prior to administration. The drug handbook states the the adverse effects are “dose related,” which means that:
A. as the dose increases, the risk of adverse effects also increases
B. the adverse effects should be expected after the first dose
C. oral preparations will produce the most adverse effects
D. the timing of each dose should be correlated with the presence of adverse effects
A. as the dose increases, the risk of adverse effects also increases
The patient is receiving a medication that may cause nephrotoxicity. To decrease the risk of this adverse reaction, the nurse should encourage the patient to:
A. avoid sunbathing and exposure to direct sunlight
B. increase the intake of potassium-enriched foods
C. abstain from alcoholic beverages
D. increase fluid intake to promote adequate hydration
D. increase fluid intake to promote adequate hydration
On physical examination, the nurse observes raised hive-like welts covering the patient’s trunk and arms. The patient also reports intense itching after receiving a new medication. The nurse will suspect what dermatologic adverse effect?
A. angioedema
B. Stevens-Johnson syndrome
C. Urticaria
D. Photosensitivity
C. Urticaria
When observing a patient for bone marrow toxicity, the nurse would monitor for:
A. increased complaints of muscle and bone pain in the lower extremities
B. decrease in RBCs, WBCs, and platelets
C. decrease in the range of motion of the upper and lower extremities
D. increase in hepatic enzyme
B. decrease in RBCs, WBCs, and platelets
The patient is receiving a medication that causes hepatotoxicity. What symptoms would alert the nurse that this drug-related toxicity has occurred?
A. black furry tongue and vaginal yeast infection
B. a sudden reduction in blood pressure rising
C. right upper quadrant pain and anorexia
D. uncontrollable movements in the face, arms, and legs
C. right upper quadrant pain and anorexia
What parameters would the nurse use to determine whether the average dose of a medication is effective for a patient? Select all that apply.
A. Physical Examination B. Vital Signs C. Laboratory Values D. Dosage Time E. Efficacy
A. Physical Examination
B. Vital Signs
C. Laboratory Values
E. Efficacy
The nurse knows that a drug with a high therapeutic index is:
A. probably safe
B. often dangerous
C. frequently risky
D. most likely effective
A. probably safe
While reviewing a drug manufacturer’s package insert, the nurse reads about the dose-response curve. The purpose of the dose-response curse is to illustrate the relationship between:
A. the amount of a drug administered and the degree of response it produces
B. the prevalence of toxic effects in a given population
C. the degree of response and the total duration of action of the drug
D. the peak serum drug level when half the dose is administered
A. the amount of a drug administered and the degree of response it produces
