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World History 2 Honors > Unit 1 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Renaissance

A

“rebirth” an explosion of creativity in rt and writing (1300-1600)

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2
Q

Humanism

A

An intellectual movement that focused on human potential and achievements.

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3
Q

Secular

A

Worldy rather than spiritual and concerned w/here and now

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4
Q

Patron

A

A person who supports another financially for doing something

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5
Q

Perspective

A

a point of view in this case showing 3D on a flat surface

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6
Q

Vernacular

A

a persons native language

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7
Q

Utopia

A

“no place” An imaginary land where all corruption is gone

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8
Q

Who was the most famous writer of the Elizabethan Age?

A

William Shakespeare

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9
Q

Who invented/improved the printing press?

A

Johann Gutenberg

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10
Q

What are the 8 major empires in the eastern hemisphere?

A 
England
France
Spain
Russia
Ottoman Empire
Persia
China
Mughal India
Songhai Empire
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11
Q

Where is the Songhai Empire located?

A

Western Africa

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12
Q

What are the major empires in the western hemisphere?

A

Aztec Empire

Inca Empire

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13
Q

Who conquered the Incan Empire?

A

Francisco Pizarro

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14
Q

Where is the Incan Empire located?

A

Western South America

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15
Q

Where is the Aztec Empire located?

A

Central Mexico

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16
Q

Who invaded/conquered the Aztec Empire?

A

Hernando Cortes

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17
Q

What was exchanged among both the western and eastern hemispheres?

A

agricultural, technological, and scientific ideas

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18
Q

Where did the Silk Road carry goods from?

A

Asia to the Med. Basin

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19
Q

Which trade route is overseas?

A

Maritime/Indian Ocean

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20
Q

What was the main trade along the Trans-Saharan Route?

A

Gold from the Niger River Basin in exchange for salt from the Sahara

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21
Q

What was the importance of the trade patterns?

A

To exchange products and ideas

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22
Q

What was exchanged along the trade routes?

A
  1. paper, compass, silk, and porcelain(to and from China)
  2. textiles and numeral system (India and Middle East)
  3. Scientific transfer-meds, astronomy, and mathematics
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23
Q

Where did the Trans-Saharan trade route link to?

A

Songhai Empire to the Middle East

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24
Q

What were the 5 major religions?

A
  1. Judaism
  2. Christianity
  3. Islam
  4. Hinduism
  5. Buddhism
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25
Q

Who was the founder of Judaism?

A

Abraham

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26
Q

Who was the founder of Christianity?

A

Jesus

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27
Q

Who was the founder of Islam?

A

Muhammad the Prophet

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28
Q

Who was the founder of Buddhism?

A

Siddartha Guatama (Buddha)

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29
Q

What is the holy book for Judaism?

A

Torah

30
Q

What is the holy book for Christianity?

A

The New Testament

31
Q

What is the holy book for Islam?

A

Qur’an (Koran)

32
Q

What are the beliefs of Judaism?

A
  • Monotheistic

- Ten Commandments

33
Q

What are the beliefs of Christianity?

A
  • Monotheistic

- Life after Death

34
Q

What are the beliefs of Hinduism?

A
  • Polytheistic
  • Karma
  • Reincarnation
35
Q

What are Islamic beliefs?

A
  • Monotheistic
  • Five Pillars
  • Mecca & Medina
36
Q

What are Buddhist beliefs?

A
  • Four Noble Truths

- Eightfold Path

37
Q

Where is Judaism mainly practiced?

A

Europe & Middle East

38
Q

Where is Christianity mainly practiced?

A

Europe & Middle East

39
Q

Where is Hinduism mainly practiced?

A

India & Southeast Asia

40
Q

Where is Islam mainly practiced?

A
  • Northern Africa
  • Southwest Asia
  • Southern Europe
41
Q

Where is Buddhism mainly practiced?

A

East & Southeast Asia

42
Q

What advantages did Italy have for the Renaissance to start there?

A
  1. Thriving cities
  2. Wealthy Merchant Class
  3. Classical heritage of Greece & Rome
43
Q

What were influencing factors in the Renaissance?

A
  1. Wealthy merchants had heavy political influence in Italy city-states
  2. Patrons of the arts
44
Q

Who was the banking family that controlled Florence?

A

Medici family

45
Q

What idea did Renaissance writers introduce?

A

That all educated people were expected to create art, the ideal individual strove to master every study.

46
Q

What did Niccolo Machiavelli write?

A

The Prince

47
Q

Who was known as the ideal “Renaissance Man”?

A

Leonardo da Vinci

48
Q

Who painted The Last Supper and the Mona Lisa?

A

Leonardo da Vinci

49
Q

Who sculpted “David”?

A

Michelangelo

50
Q

Who painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel of St. Peters Bascilla?

A

Michelangelo

51
Q

Who created the “School of Athens”?

A

Raphael

52
Q

What did William Shakespeare write?

A

Sonnets, Plays, and Essays

53
Q

Where did Renaissance ideas in Italy spread to?

A

Northern Europe

54
Q

What were Italian humanist focused on?

A

reviving classical languages & texts

55
Q

Who was the most famous Christian humanist?

A

Desderius Erasmus

56
Q

Who wrote “Praise The Folly”?

A

Desderius Erasmus

57
Q

Who believed in the study of the bible?

A

Desderius Erasmus

58
Q

Who wrote “Utopia”?

A

Thomas More

59
Q

What were the effects of the Printing Press?

A
  1. Growth of literacy was stimulated
  2. Bible was printed in English, French, and German
  3. Impacted the spread of the reformation & Renaissance
60
Q

What was the art legacy of the Renaissance?

A
  1. Techniques & styles of Greece and Rome
  2. More realistic in nature
  3. Secualar & Religious
61
Q

What was the society legacy of the Renaissance?

A
  1. Printing made info. available
  2. Increased desire for learning
  3. People began to question religious practices
62
Q

When did the Catholic Church begin losing power?

A

In the late medieval period

63
Q

How much of Europes population died of the Black Plague and when?

A

1/3 of the population between 1341&1350

64
Q

What was the Thirty Years’ War?

A

Protestants vs. Catholics

65
Q

What family remained Catholic in the Holy Roman Empire?

A

Hapsburg family

66
Q

What did Elizabeth 1 do during the Reformation?

A
  • Made Angelican Church throughout the British Isles

- Religious toleration

67
Q

Who changed the focus of the Thirty Years’ war from religious to political?

A

Cardinal Richelieu

68
Q

What was “The Council of Trent” purpose?

A

(the Catholic Church) mount reforms to reassert its authority

69
Q

What was “Society of Jesus” purpose?

A

The Jesuits to spread Catholic doctrine across the world

70
Q

Why was “The Inquisition” established?

A

to reinforce Catholic doctrine

71
Q

What were some shifts due to the Reformation?

A
  1. Growth Secularism
  2. Growth of Individualism
  3. Growth of Religious Tolerance
72
Q

Who were the two dissenters before prior to Martin Luther?

A

John Wycliffe and Jan Hus

World History 2 Honors (19 decks)

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