TB Flashcards
1
Q
Name some of the clinical features of TB?
A
General –Weight loss, malaise and night sweats Respiratory –Cough, haemoptysis, breathlessness –Upper zone crackles Meningeal –Headache, drowsy, fits Gastrointestinal –Pain, bowel obstruction, perforation, peritonitis Spinal –Pain, deformity, paraplegia Lymphadenopathy Cold abscess Pericardial –Tamponade Renal –Renal failure Septic arthritis –Cold monoarthritis of large joints Adrenal –Hypoadrenalism
2
Q
What does TB look like on a CXR?
A
Dense consolidation in a lobe with cavity formation
3
Q
What does TB look like histologically?
A
Multinucleate giant cell granulomas
Caseating necrosis
Sometimes visible mycobacteria
4
Q
What tests can diagnose TB?
A
ZN stain, AAFB
Auramine
PCR
5
Q
What is the treatment for TB?
A
TWO MONTHS: Rifampicin Isoniazid Pyrazinamide Ethambutol
FOUR MONTHS
Rifampicin
Isoniazid
6
Q
What is Latent TB?
A
Symptom free Evidence of previous TB infection (do blood tests and skin tests) History of TB prior to 1960 Calcification on x-ray Exposure to High Prevalence area
7
Q
What is the treatment of Latent TB?
A
give anti-TNF drugs
–6 months of isoniazid
or
–3 months rifampicin + isoniazid
