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Bio > Chem > Flashcards

Chem Flashcards

1
Q

Biochemistry

A

Deals with properties and interactions of biologically important molecules

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2
Q

Intramolecular bonds

A

Are the forces that hold atoms together within a molecule

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3
Q

Polar

A

Occurs when a pair of valence electrons is unequally shared

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4
Q

Intermolecular bonds

A

Forced that exist between molecules ex hydrogen bonds

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5
Q

Non polar molecules that repel the water molecules are said to be

A

Hydrophobic

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6
Q

Hydroxyl

A

Alcohol

Polar

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7
Q

Carbonyl group

A

Ketones and aldehydes

Polar

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8
Q

Macromolecules

A

Large molecule such as protein

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9
Q

Monomers

A

A molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer

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10
Q

Polymer

A

A substance that has a molecular structure consisting chiefly of a large number of similar units bonded together

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11
Q

Carbohydrates

A

A large group of organic compounds Occuring in foods in living tissues including sugars starch and cellulose

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12
Q

Monosaccharides

A

Immediate source of food molecular formulas that are multiples of CH20
Most names for sugars end in 0SE
Glucose fructose and galactose
Carbonyl and hydroxyl group

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13
Q

Disaccharides

A

Formed from two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic linkage
Two hydroxyls form an ether
Dehydration synthesis

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14
Q

Polysaccharides

A

Polymers of hundreds to thousands of monosaccharides joined by glycosidic linkage, energy storage
Cellulose starch and glycogen

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15
Q

Glycosidic linkage

A

They form by a condensation rx between an alcohol or amine of one molecule, may be O or N linked

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16
Q

Phosphate

A

Phosphorus =o -0 -oh -oh

17
Q

Lipid

A

Any class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and insoluble in water

18
Q

Triglycerides

A

An ester formed from glycerol and three fatty acid groups

Main constituents of natural fats and oils

19
Q

Fatty acid

A

A carboxylic acid consisting of a hydrocarbon chain and a terminal carboxyl group

20
Q

Phospholipid

A

A lipid containing a phosphate group in its molecule

21
Q

Lipid bilayer

A

Two layered arrangement of phosphate and lipid molecules that form a cell membrane

22
Q

Steroid

A

Any of a large class of organic compounds with a characteristic molecular structure containing four rings of carbon atoms

23
Q

Wax

A

Mixture of long chain apolar lipids forming a protective coating

24
Q

Amino

A

NH2

Basic

25
Q

Carboxyl

A

C=o -oh

Polar acidic

26
Q

Protein

A

A molecule composed of polymers of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds. It can be distinguished because it contains nitrogen

27
Q

Amino acid

A

C-h -NH2 -carboxyl -R

28
Q

Polypeptide

A

A chain of amino acids

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