Non-Mendelian Genetics (2/16)

Question 1

What are some commonly observed “Non-Mendelian” characteristics of genes or traits?

Answer 1

1. ) Incomplete dominance between alleles (ex. red flower + white flower = pink flower)
2. ) Co-dominance of alleles (ex. A and B blood types are fully expressed in AB)
3. ) More than 2 alleles for one gene in a population
4. ) One gene may have multiple effects (ex. allele for albinism also associated with crossed eyes and larger body size)
5. ) One trait may result from input of multiple genes (ex, milk production is controlled by several genes, as is skin color)
6. ) genes may influence each other (ex. coat color in labs is controlled by two genes)

Question 2

Epistasis

Answer 2

describes the situation in which a gene masks the phenotypic effects of another gene

Question 3

4 Biomolecules of Life

Answer 3

1. ) Carbohydrates (fast energy)
2. ) Lipids (long-term energy storage, cell membranes are made up of lipids)
3. ) Proteins (which function as enzymes) (can build tissues, muscles, the immune system)
4. ) Nucleic Acids (DNA & RNA)

Question 4

What does it mean that DNA Replication is “Semi-Conservative”?

Answer 4

DNA replication creates DNA molecules that are half old and half new (preserving part of each original strand)

Question 5

What are nucleotides?

Answer 5

composed of phosphate group

• 5 carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) and nitrogenous base

Question 6

Nucleotide Bases and Their Pairings

Answer 6

Bases: ATCG

Pairings:
A <=> T
C <=> G